The Galapagos archipelago is an ideal location for studying species differentiation on oceanic islands due to its isolation and geological youth. Spiders, as early colonisers, are good model organisms to understand these processes. The aim of this study is to update the list of spiders found in Galapagos and investigate the current distribution patterns of these species in relation to their probable origin. The updated checklist now comprises 159 species, with half of these species being endemic to Galapagos, 24% cosmopolitan in distribution, and 26% of the species originating from continental America. Although in most cases it was difficult to determine the mode of arrival of these species, at least 16 species are likely to have been introduced accidentally by humans. High elevation islands inhabited by humans harbour the highest number of species and also a higher percentage of cosmopolitan species. The geographical range of most species is small, with 76% of the species occurring on fewer than five islands. Given that many endemic species are restricted to one or a few islands, we recommend additional studies to evaluate their distribution and determine if there are species that should be classified as at risk from extinction.

中文翻译：

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加拉帕戈斯群岛的蜘蛛-多样性，生物地理和起源

加拉帕戈斯群岛由于其孤立和年轻的地质条件，是研究海洋岛屿上物种分化的理想场所。蜘蛛作为早期定居者，是了解这些过程的良好模式生物。这项研究的目的是更新在加拉帕戈斯群岛发现的蜘蛛清单，并调查这些物种与可能起源有关的当前分布模式。更新后的清单现在包括159种，其中一半是加拉帕戈斯特有种，分布于世界各地的占24％，而来自美洲大陆的物种占26％。尽管在大多数情况下很难确定这些物种的到达方式，但人类至少有可能至少引入了16种。人类居住的高海拔岛屿拥有最多种类的物种，也有更高比例的国际化物种。大多数物种的地理范围很小，其中有76％的物种分布在少于五个岛上。鉴于许多特有物种仅限于一个或几个岛屿，我们建议进行其他研究以评估其分布并确定是否应将其归类为濒临灭绝的物种。