BACKGROUND A low intake of selenium has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular mortality, and supplementation of selenium and coenzyme Q10 influences this. The mechanism behind is unclear although effects on inflammation, oxidative stress and microRNA expression have been reported. Fructosamine, a marker of long-term glycaemic control, is also a marker of increased risk of heart disease and death, even in non-diabetics. OBJECTIVE To analyse the impact of selenium and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the concentration of fructosamine. Also, the relation between pre-intervention serum selenium concentration and the effect on fructosamine of the intervention was studied. METHODS Fructosamine plasma concentration was determined in 219 participants after six and 42 months of intervention with selenium yeast (200 μg/day) and coenzyme Q10 (200 mg/ day) (n = 118 of which 20 had diabetes at inclusion), or placebo (n = 101 of which 18 had diabetes at inclusion). Pre-intervention, the serum selenium levels were 67 μg/L (active treatment group: 66.6 μg/L; placebo group: 67.4 μg/L), corresponding to an estimated intake of 35 μg/day. Changes in concentrations of fructosamine following intervention were assessed by the use of T-tests, repeated measures of variance, and ANCOVA analyses. RESULTS Post-intervention selenium concentrations were 210 μg/L in the active group and 72 μg/L in the placebo group. A lower concentration of fructosamine could be seen as a result of the intervention in the total population (P = 0.001) in both the males (P = 0.04) and in the females (P = 0.01) in the non-diabetic population (P = 0.002), and in both the younger (<76 years) (P = 0.01) and the older (≥76 years) participants (P = 0.03). No difference could be demonstrated in fructosamine concentration in the diabetic patients, but the total sample was small (n = 38). In subjects with a low pre-intervention level of serum selenium the intervention gave a more pronounced decrease in fructosamine compared with those with a higher baseline selenium level. CONCLUSION A significantly lower concentration of fructosamine was observed in the elderly community-living participants supplemented with selenium and coenzyme Q10 for 42 months compared to those on the placebo. As oxidative mechanisms are involved in the glycation of proteins, less glycoxidation could be a result of the supplementation of selenium and coenzyme Q10, which could have contributed to lower cardiac mortality and less inflammation, as has earlier been reported. This study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, and has the identifier NCT01443780.

中文翻译：

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补充硒和辅酶 Q10 可降低低硒老年人群的糖化和心血管死亡率 - 一项为期四年、前瞻性、随机、双盲安慰剂对照试验。


背景 硒摄入量低已被证明会增加心血管死亡的风险，而补充硒和辅酶 Q10 会影响这一点。尽管已经报道了对炎症、氧化应激和 microRNA 表达的影响，但其背后的机制尚不清楚。果糖胺是长期血糖控制的标志物，也是心脏病和死亡风险增加的标志物，即使对于非糖尿病患者也是如此。目的分析补充硒和辅酶Q10对果糖胺浓度的影响。此外，还研究了干预前血清硒浓度与干预对果糖胺的影响之间的关系。方法 在使用硒酵母（200 μg/天）和辅酶 Q10（200 mg/天）（n = 118，其中 20 人在纳入时患有糖尿病）或安慰剂（n = 118，其中 20 人在纳入时患有糖尿病）干预 6 个月和 42 个月后，测定了 219 名参与者的果糖胺血浆浓度。 n = 101，其中 18 人入组时患有糖尿病）。干预前，血清硒水平为 67 μg/L（活性治疗组：66.6 μg/L；安慰剂组：67.4 μg/L），相当于估计摄入量 35 μg/天。通过使用 T 检验、重复方差测量和 ANCOVA 分析来评估干预后果糖胺浓度的变化。结果 干预后活性组的硒浓度为 210 μg/L，安慰剂组为 72 μg/L。由于对总人口 (P = 0.001) 进行干预，男性 (P = 0.04) 和女性 (P = 0.01) 中果糖胺浓度较低，而非糖尿病人群 (P = 0.002），以及年轻（<76 岁）（P = 0.01）和老年（≥76 岁）参与者（P = 0.03）。 糖尿病患者的果糖胺浓度没有差异，但总样本较小（n = 38）。与基线硒水平较高的受试者相比，干预前血清硒水平较低的受试者中，干预后果糖胺的降低更为明显。结论 与服用安慰剂的参与者相比，在补充硒和辅酶 Q10 42 个月的老年社区生活参与者中观察到果糖胺浓度显着降低。由于蛋白质的糖化涉及氧化机制，因此补充硒和辅酶 Q10 可能会减少糖氧化，这可能有助于降低心脏死亡率和减少炎症，正如之前报道的那样。该研究已在 ClinicalTrials.gov 注册，标识符为 NCT01443780。