This study proposes a new approach to determine the thickness of the material plate. This approach uses Monte Carlo simulation to construct the calibration curve of the ratio R versus the thickness of the material plate (R is the ratio of area under a scattering peak for a given thickness to that for a saturation thickness). Using this calibration curve, the unknown thickness of a material plate is determined by experimentally measuring the ratio R. To validate the proposed approach, we performed 39 measurements for 13 aluminum samples with thicknesses in the range of 7.00 mm–35.20 mm. The results showed that except for two measurements with relative deviations of 5.45% and 6.17%, the relative deviation for the remaining measurements is less than 5%. Besides, the method for estimating the maximum measurable thickness with the desired deviation was presented, which shows good agreement between theoretical calculation and experimental value. The obtained results are the basis for completing the thickness measurement system using semi-empirical methods in further studies.

这项研究提出了一种确定材料板厚度的新方法。这种方法使用蒙特卡洛模拟来构建比率R对材料板厚度的校准曲线（R是给定厚度下的散射峰下的面积与饱和厚度下的面积之比）。使用该校准曲线，可以通过实验测量比率R来确定材料板的未知厚度。为了验证所提出的方法，我们对13个铝样品进行了39次测量，厚度在7.00毫米至35.20毫米之间。结果表明，除了两次测量的相对偏差分别为5.45％和6.17％外，其余测量的相对偏差均小于5％。除了，提出了以期望偏差估算最大可测厚度的方法，该方法在理论计算与实验值之间具有很好的一致性。获得的结果是使用进一步的半经验方法完成厚度测量系统的基础。