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Assessment of odor perception related to stimulation modes in a mock MRI scanner.
Journal of Neuroscience Methods ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108754 Yunpeng Zang 1 , Ben Chen 2 , Thomas Hummel 3
Journal of Neuroscience Methods ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108754 Yunpeng Zang 1 , Ben Chen 2 , Thomas Hummel 3
Affiliation
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BACKGROUND
Numerous studies investigated the central-nervous processing of olfactory information in humans, often based on functional MRI studies. However, when describing the olfactory perception, the course of olfactory sensations over time has received little attention although this constitutes a fundamental portion of the experimental paradigm. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate overall perception and the perception of odors over the time course of repeated odorous stimulation under different conditions of stimulus presentation.
NEW METHOD
Twenty-eight subjects with a normal sense of smell were asked to lie in a mock MRI scanner during the experiment. Three conditions of odor presentations were Tubing, (odors presented intranasally with separate tubing for each nostril), mask (odors presented to a mask covering the subject's nose) and vacuum (odors presented into the bore of the sham scanner). A pleasant odor (peach) and an unpleasant (fish) odor were presented using a computer-controlled olfactometer. Participants were asked to evaluate intensity and pleasantness of the odors. They also rated the comfortability of each presentation mode. For the vacuum and mask conditions, subjects were tracked with the time course of the odor intensity.
RESULTS
For all sessions, intensity was influenced by conditions (F = 29.6, p < 0.001, ηp² = 0.8, mask > tube > vacuum) and odors (F = 11.8, p = 0.003, ηp² = 0.4, fish > peach). Pleasantness was influenced by odors (F = 26.2, p = 0.001, ηp² = 0.593, peach > fish), comfortability was significantly influenced by conditions (F = 9.3, p = 0.002, ηp² = 0.5, vacuum > mask > tube). For peach odor, pleasantness was positively correlated with intensity (r = 0.3, p = 0.03) and negatively with fish odor intensity (r = -0.4, p < 0.001). Overall, the onset latency of intensity ratings (mean = 3.5 s, SD = 2.6) was significantly longer than the offset latency (mean = 1.6 s, SD = 0.8) (t = 3.5, p = 0.001). For the amplitude, conditions had a significant effect (F = 4.5, p = 0.04, ηp² = 0.2, mask > vacuum).
CONCLUSIONS
Perceived odor intensity was affected by the odor presentation being strongest in the mask condition, whereas this was not different for odor pleasantness. The vacuum condition was rated as most comfortable. Within the present design, the latency of onset and offset does not seem to be influenced by conditions, odors and blocks. Models of fMRI analyses should be adjusted to account for this shift in odor intensity perception.
中文翻译：
在模拟MRI扫描仪中评估与刺激模式有关的气味感知。
背景技术许多研究通常基于功能性MRI研究来研究人类嗅觉信息的中枢神经处理。然而，当描述嗅觉时，嗅觉随时间的变化过程很少受到关注，尽管这构成了实验范式的基本部分。因此，本研究的目的是评估在不同刺激条件下重复气味刺激的时间过程中的整体感知和气味感知。新方法在实验过程中，要求28名具有正常嗅觉的受试者躺在模拟MRI扫描仪中。出现气味的三个条件是：管道（鼻孔内出现的气味，每个鼻孔有单独的管子），面罩（出现在覆盖受试者的口罩上的气味）鼻子）和真空（伪装扫描仪孔中出现的气味）。使用计算机控制的嗅觉计呈现出令人愉快的气味（桃子）和令人不愉快的（鱼）气味。要求参与者评估气味的强度和愉快程度。他们还评估了每种演示模式的舒适性。对于真空和口罩条件，用气味强度的时间进程跟踪受试者。结果在所有时段中，强度受条件（F = 29.6，p <0.001，ηp²= 0.8，面罩>试管>真空）和气味（F = 11.8，p = 0.003，ηp²= 0.4，鱼>桃子）的影响。宜人性受到气味的影响（F = 26.2，p = 0.001，ηp²= 0.593，桃>鱼），舒适性受条件（F = 9.3，p = 0.002，ηp²= 0.5，真空>面罩>筒子）的显着影响。为了桃子味 愉悦度与强度呈正相关（r = 0.3，p = 0.03），与鱼腥味强度呈负相关（r = -0.4，p <0.001）。总体而言，强度等级的发作潜伏期（平均值= 3.5 s，SD = 2.6）明显长于补偿潜伏期（平均值= 1.6 s，SD = 0.8）（t = 3.5，p = 0.001）。对于振幅，条件具有显着影响（F = 4.5，p = 0.04，ηp²= 0.2，掩模>真空）。结论在面罩条件下，感知到的气味强度受气味表现最强的影响，而气味的愉悦度没有差别。真空条件被评为最舒适。在本设计中，开始和偏移的等待时间似乎不受条件，气味和阻塞的影响。功能磁共振成像分析的模型应进行调整，以解决气味强度感知方面的这种变化。
更新日期：2020-05-04
中文翻译：
在模拟MRI扫描仪中评估与刺激模式有关的气味感知。
背景技术许多研究通常基于功能性MRI研究来研究人类嗅觉信息的中枢神经处理。然而，当描述嗅觉时，嗅觉随时间的变化过程很少受到关注，尽管这构成了实验范式的基本部分。因此，本研究的目的是评估在不同刺激条件下重复气味刺激的时间过程中的整体感知和气味感知。新方法在实验过程中，要求28名具有正常嗅觉的受试者躺在模拟MRI扫描仪中。出现气味的三个条件是：管道（鼻孔内出现的气味，每个鼻孔有单独的管子），面罩（出现在覆盖受试者的口罩上的气味）鼻子）和真空（伪装扫描仪孔中出现的气味）。使用计算机控制的嗅觉计呈现出令人愉快的气味（桃子）和令人不愉快的（鱼）气味。要求参与者评估气味的强度和愉快程度。他们还评估了每种演示模式的舒适性。对于真空和口罩条件，用气味强度的时间进程跟踪受试者。结果在所有时段中，强度受条件（F = 29.6，p <0.001，ηp²= 0.8，面罩>试管>真空）和气味（F = 11.8，p = 0.003，ηp²= 0.4，鱼>桃子）的影响。宜人性受到气味的影响（F = 26.2，p = 0.001，ηp²= 0.593，桃>鱼），舒适性受条件（F = 9.3，p = 0.002，ηp²= 0.5，真空>面罩>筒子）的显着影响。为了桃子味 愉悦度与强度呈正相关（r = 0.3，p = 0.03），与鱼腥味强度呈负相关（r = -0.4，p <0.001）。总体而言，强度等级的发作潜伏期（平均值= 3.5 s，SD = 2.6）明显长于补偿潜伏期（平均值= 1.6 s，SD = 0.8）（t = 3.5，p = 0.001）。对于振幅，条件具有显着影响（F = 4.5，p = 0.04，ηp²= 0.2，掩模>真空）。结论在面罩条件下，感知到的气味强度受气味表现最强的影响，而气味的愉悦度没有差别。真空条件被评为最舒适。在本设计中，开始和偏移的等待时间似乎不受条件，气味和阻塞的影响。功能磁共振成像分析的模型应进行调整，以解决气味强度感知方面的这种变化。
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