Despite the specialization of floral traits towards particular floral visitors (pollination syndrome), insect-pollinated plants can display generalist rather than specialist interactions with their pollinators. This is the case of several Silene species that were viewed as nocturnally pollinated but are factually visited, and then potentially pollinated, by both nocturnal and diurnal insects. This opens the question of the consistency of pollination syndromes and the impact of different pollinator assemblages on plant reproductive success. In this work, we measured diurnal and nocturnal pollinators’ contributions to pollination success (fruit and seed production) and offspring quality (seed mass and germination rate) of hermaphrodite plants in an artificial population of Silene nutans, by experimentally restricting pollinator access and controlling for floral and resource traits. We found that fruit and seed production was higher for nocturnal pollination, and that only very few seeds were produced by diurnal visitors. In our experimental system, plants did not benefit from being open during daytime, as they showed no fruit or seed production advantage in the open pollination treatment compared to the nocturnal one. Seeds generated from diurnal pollination were heavier but did not germinate better, so that the plant fitness proxy remained higher for nocturnal pollination than diurnal one, without any obvious evidence of a pollination mixed strategy. These data are in accordance with the nocturnal pollination syndrome of S. nutans, contrasting with several other studies carried out on other Silene species.

尽管花卉特征专门针对特定的花卉访客（授粉综合症），但昆虫授粉的植物可以表现出与传粉媒介的通俗而非专长的相互作用。这是几种Silene物种的情况，这些物种被认为是夜间授粉的，但事实上它们被夜行和昼夜昆虫都访问过，然后可能被授粉。这就提出了授粉综合症的一致性以及不同授粉媒介组合对植物繁殖成功的影响的问题。在这项工作中，我们测量了人工授粉的Silene nutans种群中昼夜授粉者对授粉成功（果实和种子产量）和雌雄同株植物后代质量（种子质量和发芽率）的贡献，通过实验限制传粉媒介的访问并控制花卉和资源性状。我们发现夜间授粉的果实和种子产量更高，而昼夜来访者只能生产很少的种子。在我们的实验系统中，植物没有从白天开放中受益，因为与夜间播种相比，它们在开放授粉处理中没有表现出果实或种子生产优势。昼夜授粉产生的种子较重，但发芽不佳，因此夜间授粉的植物适应性指标仍高于昼夜授粉，没有任何明显的证据表明采用了授粉混合策略。这些数据与S. nutans的夜间授粉综合症相吻合，与其他对硅烷种类。