Anthracnose, caused by Elsinoë ampelina, is an economically important grapevine disease in south and southeast Brazil. Control is achieved by lime sulphur application during grapevine dormancy and foliar fungicide sprays until the berries are half‐grown. This study assessed the temporal and spatial progress of grapevine anthracnose under field conditions in order to describe the disease dynamics and its relationship to pathogen survival. The experiment was carried out in a vineyard of table grape Vitis labrusca in Brazil, during the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. The incidence of vines with diseased leaves, stems and berries and the disease severity on leaves were recorded from bud break to veraison. Monomolecular, logistic and Gompertz models were fitted by non‐linear regression to the incidence and severity data over time to characterize the temporal progress. Ordinary runs, dispersion index, modified Taylor's power law and spatial hierarchy analyses were used to characterize the spatial pattern of diseased plants. The monomolecular model showed the best fit for the incidence progress, with disease progress rates ranging from 0.051 to 0.136 per day. In both seasons, the incidence of diseased plants reached 100% 1 month after bud break. However, the incidence of diseased leaves per plant was around 60% and leaf disease severity was lower than 5% for both years. Ordinary runs and dispersion index analyses revealed that diseased grapevines were distributed randomly on the majority of the assessment dates. Meanwhile, a slight aggregation of diseased vines was observed in the modified Taylor's power law analysis. Our results suggested that the progress of anthracnose incidence and severity over time was governed mainly by the income of the primary inoculum, which survived in the vineyard. Therefore, anthracnose control measures in Brazilian vineyards should be focused on the reduction in inoculum within the vineyard.

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葡萄炭疽病菌的时空动态及其与病原体存活的关系

炭疽病是由Elsinoëampelina引起的，在巴西南部和东南部是一种经济上重要的葡萄病。通过在葡萄休眠期间喷洒石灰硫磺和喷洒叶面杀菌剂直至浆果长成一半，可以实现控制。这项研究评估了田间条件下葡萄炭疽病的时空进展，以描述疾病的动态及其与病原体存活的关系。该实验是在鲜食葡萄Vitis labrusca的葡萄园中进行的2014年和2015年生长季节在巴西。从芽断裂到确证记录有叶，茎和浆果患病的葡萄藤的发病率以及叶上病害的严重程度。通过非线性回归将单分子模型，逻辑模型和Gompertz模型拟合为随时间变化的发病率和严重性数据，以表征时间进展。使用普通运行，分散指数，修正的泰勒幂定律和空间层次分析来表征病态植物的空间格局。单分子模型显示最适合发生进展，疾病进展每天范围从0.051到0.136。在两个季节中，病芽的发生率在芽破裂后1个月达到100％。然而，两年中，每棵植物患病叶片的发生率约为60％，叶片病害严重程度低于5％。常规运行和分散指数分析表明，患病的葡萄树在大多数评估日期都是随机分布的。同时，在改进的泰勒幂定律分析中观察到病藤蔓的轻微聚集。我们的研究结果表明，炭疽病发病率和严重程度随时间的进展主要取决于在葡萄园中存活的初级接种物的收入。因此，巴西葡萄园的炭疽病控制措施应集中于减少葡萄园内的接种量。在改进的泰勒幂定律分析中观察到病藤蔓略有聚集。我们的研究结果表明，炭疽病发病率和严重程度随时间的进展主要取决于在葡萄园中存活的初级接种物的收入。因此，巴西葡萄园的炭疽病控制措施应集中于减少葡萄园内的接种量。在改进的泰勒幂定律分析中观察到病藤蔓略有聚集。我们的研究结果表明，炭疽病的发生率和严重程度随时间的推移主要取决于在葡萄园中存活的初级接种物的收入。因此，巴西葡萄园的炭疽病控制措施应集中于减少葡萄园内的接种量。