Cognitive radio (CR) is designed to achieve intelligent spectrum sensing and sharing, in order to solve spectrum underutilization problem. Conventional CR uses multiple/multiport antenna to switch between UWB and narrow band (NB) frequencies for primary and secondary users. In this article, we propose a compact frequency reconfigurable single port antenna using PIN diodes, to switch between UWB and NB frequencies. A circular disc monopole antenna with partial ground plane is designed to deliver UWB response. Three interdigital capacitors (IDC) are electrically connected to a partial ground plane and feed line using PIN diodes. OFF condition of all PIN diodes will provide the UWB response of 2.8 to 10.6 GHz and ON condition of the diodes will result in 36 different NB frequencies, completely covering the UWB spectrum. A simulation study carried out by incorporating a varactor diode into IDC, clearly shows that, the antenna resonance can be switched using PIN diodes and each resonant frequency can be fine‐tuned independently, with in the band of interest. This is the unique feature of proposed antenna, which facilitates the technology for CR based internet of things applications in 5G wireless communication networks.

中文翻译：

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用于认知无线电应用的可电子切换的UWB到窄带天线

认知无线电（CR）旨在实现智能频谱感知和共享，以解决频谱利用率不足的问题。常规CR使用多/多端口天线在主要和次要用户的UWB和窄带（NB）频率之间切换。在本文中，我们提出了一种使用PIN二极管的紧凑型频率可重构单端口天线，用于在UWB和NB频率之间切换。具有部分接地平面的圆盘单极天线旨在提供UWB响应。使用PIN二极管将三个叉指电容器（IDC）电连接到部分接地层和馈电线。所有PIN二极管的OFF状态将提供2.8至10.6 GHz的UWB响应，而二极管的ON状态将导致36个不同的NB频率，完全覆盖UWB频谱。通过将变容二极管集成到IDC中进行的仿真研究清楚地表明，可以使用PIN二极管来切换天线谐振，并且可以在目标频带内独立地微调每个谐振频率。这是拟议天线的独特功能，它促进了5G无线通信网络中基于CR的物联网应用技术的发展。