In Focus: Rivers, P. R., & DuVal, E. H. (2020). Multiple paternity in a lek mating system: Females mate multiply when they choose inexperienced sires. Journal of Animal Ecology, 89, 1142-1152. In many socially monogamous species with biparental care, some females engage in extra-pair copulations, despite the apparent risk of losing male help in raising their brood. Why females mate with multiple males remains the focus of intense debate, but may be linked to constraints in social mate choice. If so, multiple mating is not expected in a lekking mating system, where females receive no resources from the male other than sperm and are free to choose the 'best' mate to sire their offspring. Rivers and DuVal (2020) report on the occurrence of multiple paternity in lekking lance-tailed manakins and test several hypotheses to explain it. Their study shows that lower-ranked males and males with less experience were more likely to share paternity. However, the process underlying this pattern remains puzzling. The authors suggest female choice related to male characteristics that change with experience as an explanation, but alternative scenarios cannot be excluded.

中文翻译：

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为什么 lekking 物种的雌性会与多个雄性交配？

焦点：Rivers、PR 和 DuVal，EH（2020 年）。lek 交配系统中的多父系：雌性在选择没有经验的公牛时会繁殖。动物生态学杂志，89，1142-1152。在许多有双亲照顾的社会一夫一妻制的物种中，一些雌性会进行额外的交配，尽管显然有失去雄性帮助养育后代的风险。为什么雌性与多个雄性交配仍然是激烈争论的焦点，但可能与社会配偶选择的限制有关。如果是这样，那么在舔交系统中就不会出现多次交配，在这种系统中，雌性除了精子之外不会从雄性那里获得任何资源，并且可以自由选择“最佳”配偶来繁衍后代。Rivers 和 DuVal（2020 年）报告了长尾鹧鸪的多亲性，并测试了几个假设来解释它。他们的研究表明，排名较低的男性和经验较少的男性更有可能分享亲子关系。然而，这种模式背后的过程仍然令人费解。作者建议将与男性特征相关的女性选择作为一种解释，但不能排除其他情况。