ABSTRACT Manganese ore smelting is reviewed in terms of processing parameters such as feed material particle sizes, energy input methods, heat transfer modes, smelting mechanisms, experimental findings on specific smelting aspects, and rates of MnO reduction and carbon dissolution into ferrous alloys. This paper provides a comprehensive current review of our fundamental understanding of manganese ore smelting. Process parameters and resultant cost effects are discussed in terms of existing industrial smelting processes, the Submerged Arc Furnace (SAF) and the Blast Furnace (BF), and the AlloyStream process demonstration plant. Bench-scale experimental results for AlloyStream induction furnace smelting are discussed with reference to rate measurements reported in literature. The experimental results clearly illustrate the importance of higher alloy bath temperatures in induction smelting to improve alloy production rates, whilst the effect of alloy bath chemistry was of less importance. AlloyStream process benefits and issues are discussed with reference to the SAF and BF processes.

中文翻译：

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高碳锰铁生产中的矿石冶炼综述

摘要 锰矿石冶炼从加工参数方面进行了审查，例如进料粒度、能量输入方法、传热模式、冶炼机制、特定冶炼方面的实验结果以及氧化锰还原和碳溶解到铁合金中的速率。本文对我们对锰矿冶炼的基本认识进行了全面的当前回顾。根据现有的工业冶炼工艺、埋弧炉 (SAF) 和高炉 (BF) 以及 AlloyStream 工艺示范工厂讨论工艺参数和由此产生的成本影响。参考文献中报道的速率测量，讨论了 AlloyStream 感应炉熔炼的实验室规模实验结果。实验结果清楚地说明了在感应熔炼中较高的合金浴温度对提高合金生产率的重要性，而合金浴化学的影响不太重要。参考 SAF 和 BF 工艺讨论了 AlloyStream 工艺的优点和问题。