Purpose of Review

This paper reviews recent developments in membrane biosorption and focuses on features and performance of different configurations of membrane biosorption. Biofilm formation, its role, and optimization in biosorption application as well as challenges and strategies for future applications are also discussed.

Recent Findings

Biosorption has gained increasing attention for wastewater treatment process due to its advantages of high separation efficiency, environmentally friendly, high availability of biomass, and low cost. In addition, biosorbents are reusable since they can be regenerated by employing a wash solution. This also provides the possibility of recovering valuable sorbed components from the concentrated wash solution. It has been demonstrated in several studies that membrane can be used to improve the performance of sorption processes. Membrane biosorption displays interesting features including higher process efficiency and smaller footprint. The membrane enhances contact between the biosorbent and the sorbate (pollutant) resulting in an improved sorption kinetic. Membrane also helps to remove priority pollutant from a wastewater by providing a selective extraction and avoids the mixing between the biosorbent and wastewater. In addition, membrane can improve the contact between gas stream and biosorbent for gas removal from a waste gas stream. It is also possible for supplying bubble-less aeration which improves the biological growth of the biosorbent.

Summary

Some reported studies show that combined membrane biosorption may allow one to achieve pollutant removal up to three times of the single biosorption process. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed for membrane biosorption application, including diffusion limitation in membrane and uncontrolled biofilm formation. Therefore, it is imperative to identify membranes with appropriate characteristics as well as biofilm control strategies.

中文翻译：

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膜生物吸附：最新进展和挑战

审查目的

本文回顾了膜生物吸附的最新进展，并着重介绍了膜生物吸附不同配置的特征和性能。还讨论了生物膜的形成，其作用和在生物吸附应用中的优化以及未来应用的挑战和策略。

最近的发现

由于生物吸附技术具有分离效率高，环境友好，生物质利用率高和成本低等优点，因此越来越受到废水处理工艺的关注。另外，生物吸附剂是可重复使用的，因为它们可以通过使用洗涤溶液来再生。这也提供了从浓缩洗涤溶液中回收有价值的吸附组分的可能性。在几项研究中已经证明，膜可用于改善吸附过程的性能。膜生物吸附显示出有趣的功能，包括更高的处理效率和更小的占地面积。膜增强了生物吸附剂和被吸附物（污染物）之间的接触，从而提高了吸附动力学。膜还可以通过选择性提取来帮助从废水中去除主要污染物，并避免生物吸附剂和废水之间的混合。另外，膜可以改善气流与生物吸附剂之间的接触，以从废气流中去除气体。还可以提供无气泡的通气，其改善了生物吸附剂的生物生长。

概要

一些报道的研究表明，结合膜生物吸附可以使污染物的去除达到单个生物吸附过程的三倍。但是，膜生物吸附应用需要解决几个挑战，包括膜中的扩散限制和不受控制的生物膜形成。因此，必须确定具有适当特性的膜以及生物膜控制策略。