Using hysteretic behaviour and hydrograph classification to identify hydrological function across the “hillslope–depression–stream” continuum in a karst catchment,Hydrological Processes

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Using hysteretic behaviour and hydrograph classification to identify hydrological function across the “hillslope–depression–stream” continuum in a karst catchment
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-21 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.13793
Runrun Zhang _{1,

2} , Xi Chen ₃ , Zhicai Zhang _{1,

2} , Chris Soulsby ₄

Affiliation

In cockpit karst landscapes, fluxes from upland areas contribute large volumes of water to low‐lying depressions and stream flow. Hydrograph hysteresis and similarity between monitoring sites is important for understanding the space–time variability of hydrologic responses across the “hillslope–depression–stream” continuum. In this study, the hysteretic feature of hydrographs was assessed by characterizing the loop‐like relationships between responses at upstream sites relative to subsurface discharge at the outlet of a small karst catchment. A classification of hydrograph responses based on the multi‐scale smoothing Kernel ‐derived distance classifies the hydrograph responses on the basis of similarities between hillslope and depression sites, and those at the catchment outlet. Results demonstrate that the temporal and spatial variability of hydrograph hysteresis and similarity between hillslope flow and outlet stream flow can be explained by the local heterogeneity of depression aquifer. Large depression storage deficits emerging in the highly heterogeneous aquifer produce strong hysteresis and multiple relationships of upstream hydrographs relative to the outlet subsurface discharge. In contrast, when depression storage deficits are filled during consecutive rainfall events, depression hydrographs at the high permeability sites are almost synchronous or exhibit a monotonous function with the hydrographs at the outlet. This reduced hydrograph hysteresis enhances preferential flow paths in fractured rocks and conduits that can accelerate the hillslope flow to the outlet. Therefore, classification of hydrograph similarities between any upstream sites and the catchment outlet can help to identify the dominant hydrological functions in the heterogeneous karst catchment.

中文翻译：

利用滞后行为和水文分类来识别喀斯特流域“山坡-凹陷-河流”连续体的水文功能

在座舱岩溶景观中，来自山地的通量为低洼的洼地和溪流贡献了大量的水。监测点之间的水文滞后和相似性对于了解跨“山坡-洼地-溪流”连续体的水文响应的时空变化很重要。在这项研究中，通过描述上游喀斯特流域的响应与小型喀斯特流域出口处的地下排放之间的环状关系来评估水文图的滞后特征。基于多尺度平滑核派生距离的水文图响应分类基于山坡和depression陷点以及集水口处的相似度对水文图响应进行分类。结果表明，水位滞后的时空变化以及山坡坡度与出口水流之间的相似性可以用depression陷含水层的局部非均质性来解释。在高度非均质含水层中出现的大的凹陷储层赤字会产生很强的滞后作用，并且上游水位图相对于出口地下流量会产生多种关系。相反，当在连续的降雨事件中填补了凹陷的存储缺陷时，高渗透率部位的凹陷水文图几乎与出口处的水文图同步或具有单调函数。这种减小的水文滞后现象增强了裂隙岩石和管道中的优先流动路径，从而可以加速山坡流向出口的流动。因此，

更新日期：2020-06-21

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