Intracranial dermoid cysts are benign congenital slow growing masses. They account for less than 1% of all primary intracranial lesions. They can be asymptomatic and appear incidentally on brain images. However, there are some dermoid cysts that, depending on the location, can cause a variety of symptoms, especially if they compress vital structures. Rupture of intracranial dermoid cysts is relatively uncommon; the incidence is 0.18%. Dermoid cyst in children appears in the posterior fossa, while in adults is more common to find them in the sellar, temporal, and frontobasal region. The Meckel's cave is not a frequent location for these lesions and there are only a few cases in the adult population reported in the literature. We presented a 12-year-old patient with a dermoid cyst in the Meckel's cave who first presented with symptoms of a ruptured cyst but eventually evolved with a trigeminal neuralgia. We decided to do a transzygomatic approach and a middle fossa pealing to locate and excise the lesion. After surgery, the patient resolved the symptoms. Surgery is recommended in symptomatic lesions although surgical decision-making should consider the region where the cyst is located to achieve a safe, maximal resection without adding any further damage.

中文翻译：

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Meckel 洞穴中破裂的皮样囊肿表现为儿科患者的三叉神经痛：病例报告。

颅内皮样囊肿是良性先天性生长缓慢的肿块。它们占所有原发性颅内病变的不到 1%。它们可以是无症状的，并且偶然出现在大脑图像上。但是，根据位置的不同，有些皮样囊肿会引起各种症状，尤其是当它们压迫重要结构时。颅内皮样囊肿破裂相对少见；发生率为0.18%。儿童皮样囊肿多见于后颅窝，成人多见于鞍区、颞区和额基底区。Meckel's 洞穴不是这些病变的常见位置，文献中报道的成年人群中只有少数病例。我们介绍了一名 12 岁的 Meckel 皮样囊肿患者 s 洞穴首先出现囊肿破裂的症状，但最终演变为三叉神经痛。我们决定做一个经颧骨入路和一个中窝剥离来定位和切除病变。手术后，患者症状缓解。尽管手术决策应考虑囊肿所在的区域，以实现安全、最大程度的切除而不增加任何进一步的损伤，但建议对有症状的病变进行手术。