Tree diversity effects through a temporal lens: implications for the abundance, diversity, and stability of foraging birds,Journal of Animal Ecology

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Tree diversity effects through a temporal lens: implications for the abundance, diversity, and stability of foraging birds
Journal of Animal Ecology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-04 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13245
Yanely May-Uc ₁ , Colleen S Nell ₂ , Víctor Parra-Tabla ₁ , Jorge Navarro ₁ , Luis Abdala-Roberts ₁

Affiliation

1. Tree diversity can exert a strong influence on consumers, but most studies have involved short-term assessments. Consequently, we have a limited understanding of temporal variation in the effects of tree diversity on multi-trophic communities and thus how tree diversity impacts ecological function. 2. We conducted a year-long study in an experimental system in southern Mexico assessing the effects of tree diversity on the abundance and diversity of visiting birds. To this end, we recorded bird visitation patterns for 32 plots (21 × 21 m; 12 monocultures, 20 four-species polycultures) every 45 days (n = 8 surveys) and for each plot estimated bird abundance, richness, functional diversity (FD), and phylogenetic diversity (PD). In each case, we reported temporal (intra-annual) variation in the magnitude of such diversity effects, and calculated the temporal stability of these bird responses. 3. Across surveys, tree diversity noticeably affected bird responses, demonstrated by significantly higher abundance (43%), richness (32%), PD (25%), and FD (25%) of birds visiting polyculture plots compared to monoculture plots, as well as a distinct species composition between plot types. We also found some degree of intra-annual variation in diversity effects on these response variables, ranging from surveys for which the tree diversity effect was not significant to surveys where a significant 80% increase (e.g. bird FD and PD) was observed in polyculture relative to monoculture plots. Notably, tree diversity increased the stability of all bird responses, with polycultures having a greater stability abundance (18%), richness (38%), PD (34%), and FD (32%) of birds visiting polycultures compared to monocultures. 4. These findings show that tree diversity not only increases bird visitation to plots, but also stabilizes bird habitat usage over time in ways that could lead to insurance-related mechanisms. These results are highly relevant for understanding the long-term effects of plant diversity on vertebrates and the persistence of bird-related ecosystem functions. Accordingly, more work is needed to unveil the ecological mechanisms underlying temporal variation in vertebrate responses to tree diversity and their consequences for community structure and function.

中文翻译：

从时间角度看树木多样性影响：对觅食鸟类的丰富度、多样性和稳定性的影响

1. 树木多样性可以对消费者产生强大的影响，但大多数研究都涉及短期评估。因此，我们对树木多样性对多营养群落影响的时间变化以及树木多样性如何影响生态功能的了解有限。2. 我们在墨西哥南部的一个实验系统中进行了为期一年的研究，评估树木多样性对来访鸟类的丰度和多样性的影响。为此，我们每 45 天（n = 8 次调查）记录了 32 个地块（21 × 21 m；12 个单一栽培、20 个四物种混养）的鸟类访问模式，并为每个地块估计了鸟类的丰度、丰富度、功能多样性（FD ) 和系统发育多样性 (PD)。在每种情况下，我们都报告了这种多样性影响程度的时间（年内）变化，并计算了这些鸟类反应的时间稳定性。3. 在整个调查中，树木多样性显着影响了鸟类的反应，与单一栽培地相比，访问混养地块的鸟类的丰度 (43%)、丰富度 (32%)、PD (25%) 和 FD (25%) 显着更高，以及地块类型之间的不同物种组成。我们还发现多样性对这些响应变量的影响存在一定程度的年内变化，从树木多样性影响不显着的调查到在混养相对中观察到显着增加 80%（例如鸟类 FD 和 PD）的调查。到单一栽培地块。值得注意的是，树木多样性增加了所有鸟类反应的稳定性，混养具有更高的稳定性丰度 (18%)、丰富度 (38%)、PD (34%)、和 FD (32%) 访问混合养殖的鸟类与单一养殖相比。4. 这些发现表明，树木多样性不仅增加了鸟类对地块的访问，而且随着时间的推移，以可能导致保险相关机制的方式稳定鸟类栖息地的使用。这些结果与了解植物多样性对脊椎动物的长期影响以及与鸟类相关的生态系统功能的持久性高度相关。因此，需要做更多的工作来揭示脊椎动物对树木多样性的响应随时间变化的生态机制及其对群落结构和功能的影响。这些结果与了解植物多样性对脊椎动物的长期影响以及与鸟类相关的生态系统功能的持久性高度相关。因此，需要做更多的工作来揭示脊椎动物对树木多样性的响应随时间变化的生态机制及其对群落结构和功能的影响。这些结果与了解植物多样性对脊椎动物的长期影响以及与鸟类相关的生态系统功能的持久性高度相关。因此，需要做更多的工作来揭示脊椎动物对树木多样性的响应随时间变化的生态机制及其对群落结构和功能的影响。

更新日期：2020-06-04

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