Bacteria and viruses were analysed in the upper respiratory tract of symptomatic pig farmers and their domestic pigs. Eighty six human nasal and 495 (50 pools) porcine snout swabs were collected in Schleswig‐Holstein, Germany. Staphylococcus (S.) aureus (62.8%, 54/86), human rhino‐ and coronaviruses (HRV, 29.1%, 25/86; HCoV, 16.3%, 14/86) were frequently detected in humans, while Haemophilus parasuis (90.0%, 45/50), Mycoplasma hyorhinis (78.6%, 11/14), Enterovirus G (EV‐G, 56.0%, 28/50) and S. aureus (36.0%, 18/50), respectively, were highly prevalent in pigs. The detection of S. aureus in human follow‐up samples indicates a carrier status. The methicillin‐resistant phenotype (MRSA) was identified in 33.3% (18/54) of nasal swabs and in one of 18 (5.6%) pooled snout swabs that were tested positive for S. aureus . Strains were indicative of the livestock‐associated clonal complex CC398, with t011 being the most common staphylococcal protein A type. Enterobacterales and non‐fermenters were frequently isolated from swabs. Their detection in follow‐up samples suggests a carrier status. All were classified as being non‐multiresistant. There was no example for cross‐species transmission of viruses. In contrast, transmission of S. aureus through occupational contact to pigs seems possible. The study contributes to the ‘One Health’ approach.

中文翻译：

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人和家猪呼吸道中细菌和病毒的流行病学。

在有症状的猪农及其家猪的上呼吸道中分析细菌和病毒。在德国的石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因州收集了八十六只人鼻和495只（50个池）猪鼻拭子。在人中经常检出金黄色葡萄球菌（S.）金黄色葡萄球菌（62.8％，54/86），人鼻和冠状病毒（HRV，29.1％，25/86; HCoV，16.3％，14/86），而副猪嗜血杆菌（90.0） ％，45/50），猪支原体（78.6％，11/14），肠病毒G（EV-G，56.0％，28/50）和金黄色葡萄球菌（36.0％，18/50）高度流行在猪里。金黄色葡萄球菌的检测在人类随访样本中，表明携带者状态。在33.3％（18/54）的鼻拭子和18例（5.6％）合并检测的金黄色葡萄球菌拭子之一中鉴定出耐甲氧西林的表型（MRSA）。菌株表明与牲畜有关的克隆复合物CC398，其中t011是最常见的葡萄球菌A型蛋白。肠杆菌和非发酵菌经常从拭子中分离出来。在后续样本中检测到它们表明携带者状态。所有被归类为非耐多药。没有跨物种传播病毒的例子。相反，通过职业接触将金黄色葡萄球菌传播到猪似乎是可能的。该研究有助于“一种健康”方法。