Abstract Participatory approaches to fisheries management are gaining increasing support from researchers, non-governmental organizations, and governments in Latin America, and different forms of participatory monitoring have been implemented over the last few decades. Among several advantages, these initiatives allow incorporation of fishers’ knowledge on ecology, fishing practices, social aspects, markets, regulations, into different stages of management. In this paper, we analyze key features of participatory monitoring programs in small-scale coastal fisheries in South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay) through a literature review complemented by expert opinion. Our review considered the fisheries and variables monitored; objectives, duration, institutional context of the monitoring programs; and factors that affect the extent of fishers’ participation and the incorporation of fishers’ knowledge. We found 14 case studies described in the literature, most of which correspond to benthic fisheries. Most cases focused on ecological and/or catch and effort variables; few initiatives included social variables. Initiatives were mainly driven by researchers in partnership with fishers and other stakeholders under formal or informal institutional arrangements. Institutional arrangements were largely responsible for the effectiveness of participation. In most cases, fishers’ participation in monitoring was fostered as a component of a broader participatory co-management approach. Despite the challenges, participatory monitoring approaches are gaining traction in South America, receiving significant support from researchers in most cases, and from nongovernmental organizations in some cases. Increased governmental support for implementing and sustaining long-lasting participatory monitoring programs would strengthen monitoring initiatives that emerge locally. Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

---

南美洲小型沿海渔业的参与式监测：利用渔民知识和影响参与的因素

摘要 渔业管理的参与式方法越来越多地得到拉丁美洲研究人员、非政府组织和政府的支持，并且在过去几十年中实施了不同形式的参与式监测。在几个优势中，这些举措允许将渔民在生态、捕捞实践、社会方面、市场、法规方面的知识纳入不同的管理阶段。在本文中，我们通过文献综述并辅以专家意见，分析了南美洲（阿根廷、巴西、智利和乌拉圭）小型沿海渔业参与式监测计划的主要特征。我们的审查考虑了所监测的渔业和变量；监测计划的目标、持续时间、机构背景；影响渔民参与程度和渔民知识吸收的因素。我们发现了文献中描述的 14 个案例研究，其中大部分对应于底栖渔业。大多数案例侧重于生态和/或捕捞和努力变量；很少有举措包括社会变量。倡议主要由研究人员在正式或非正式机构安排下与渔民和其他利益相关者合作推动。机构安排对参与的有效性负主要责任。在大多数情况下，渔民参与监测是作为更广泛的参与式共同管理方法的一个组成部分。尽管存在挑战，参与式监测方法在南美洲越来越受欢迎，在大多数情况下得到了研究人员的大力支持，在某些情况下来自非政府组织。增加政府对实施和维持长期参与式监测计划的支持将加强当地出现的监测举措。图形摘要