The fate of dietary protein in the gut is determined by microbial and host digestion and utilization. Fermentation of proteins generates bioactive molecules that have wide-ranging health effects on the host. The type of protein can affect amino acid absorption, with animal proteins generally being more efficiently absorbed compared with plant proteins. In contrast to animal proteins, most plant proteins, such as pea protein, are incomplete proteins. Pea protein is low in methionine and contains lower amounts of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which play a crucial role in muscle health. We hypothesized that probiotic supplementation results in favorable changes in the gut microbiota, aiding the absorption of amino acids from plant proteins by the host. Fifteen physically active men (24.2 ± 5.0 years; 85.3 ± 12.9 kg; 178.0 ± 7.6 cm; 16.7 ± 5.8% body fat) co-ingested 20 g of pea protein with either AminoAlta™, a multi-strain probiotic (5 billion CFU L. paracasei LP-DG® (CNCM I-1572) plus 5 billion CFU L. paracasei LPC-S01 (DSM 26760), SOFAR S.p.A., Italy) or a placebo for 2 weeks in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, separated by a 4-week washout period. Blood samples were taken at baseline and at 30-, 60-, 120-, and 180-min post-ingestion and analyzed for amino acid content. Probiotic administration significantly increased methionine, histidine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, tyrosine, total BCAA, and total EAA maximum concentrations (Cmax) and AUC without significantly changing the time to reach maximum concentrations. Probiotic supplementation can be an important nutritional strategy to improve post-prandial changes in blood amino acids and to overcome compositional shortcomings of plant proteins. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: ISRCTN38903788.

中文翻译：

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益生菌给药可增加植物蛋白对氨基酸的吸收：一项安慰剂对照，随机，双盲，多中心，交叉研究。

肠道中饮食蛋白的命运取决于微生物和宿主的消化和利用。蛋白质发酵产生的生物活性分子对宿主具有广泛的健康影响。蛋白质的类型会影响氨基酸的吸收，其中动物蛋白质通常比植物蛋白质更有效地吸收。与动物蛋白相反，大多数植物蛋白（例如豌豆蛋白）是不完整的蛋白。豌豆蛋白的蛋氨酸含量低，并且含有较少量的支链氨基酸（BCAA），这对肌肉健康至关重要。我们假设益生菌补充剂会导致肠道菌群发生有利变化，从而有助于宿主从植物蛋白中吸收氨基酸。15名体育锻炼的男性（24.2±5.0岁; 85.3±12.9千克; 178.0±7.6厘米; 16.7±5。8％的身体脂肪）将20 g的豌豆蛋白与AminoAlta™，多菌株益生菌（50亿副干酪副杆菌L-DG®（CNCM I-1572）和50亿副干酪副杆菌LPC-S01 （DSM 26760），SOFAR SpA，意大利）或安慰剂2周，随机，双盲，交叉设计，间隔4周。在基线和摄取后30、60、120和180分钟采集血样，并分析氨基酸含量。益生菌给药可显着增加蛋氨酸，组氨酸，缬氨酸，亮氨酸，异亮氨酸，酪氨酸，总BCAA和总EAA最大浓度（Cmax）和AUC，而不会显着改变达到最大浓度的时间。补充益生菌可以是改善餐后血液中氨基酸变化并克服植物蛋白成分不足的重要营养策略。ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：ISRCTN38903788。