Fungal infections are rising all over the world every year. There are only five medical compound classes for treatment: triazoles, echinocandins, polyenes, flucytosine and allylamine. Currently, echinocandins are the most important compounds, because of their wide activity spectrum and much lower sides effects that may occur during therapy with other drugs. Echinocandins are secondary metabolites of fungi, which can inhibit the biosynthesis of β-(1,3)-D-glucan. These compounds have fungicidal and fungistatic activity depending on different genera of fungi, against which they are used. Echinocandin resistance is rare-the major cause of resistance is mutations in the gene encoding the β-(1,3)-D-glucan synthase enzyme. In this review of the literature we have summarized the characteristics of echinocandins, the mechanism of their antifungal activity with pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and the resistance issue.

中文翻译：

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审查棘球and素的使用现状。

每年全世界真菌感染都在增加。只有五种医疗化合物可用于治疗：三唑，棘球chin素，多烯，氟胞嘧啶和烯丙胺。目前，棘孢菌素是最重要的化合物，因为它们的活性谱宽，在用其他药物治疗期间可能发生的副作用要低得多。棘球and素是真菌的次生代谢产物，可以抑制β-（1,3）-D-葡聚糖的生物合成。这些化合物根据所使用的真菌的不同属而具有杀真菌和抑真菌活性。Echinocandin的耐药性很罕见-耐药的主要原因是编码β-（1,3）-D-葡聚糖合酶的基因突变。在对文献的回顾中，我们总结了棘球and碱的特征，