Abstract

Background

Personality traits, coping styles, and health-related behaviors show associations with various aspects of health. However, integrative life-course investigations of pathways by which these factors might affect later cumulative physiological health risk remain sparse.

Purpose

To investigate prospective associations of personality traits via coping styles and health-related behaviors on allostatic load in a national sample.

Methods

Using data from the Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS; N = 1,054), path analyses were used to test direct and indirect associations (via coping styles, smoking, frequency of alcohol consumption, leisure-time physical activity, and perceptions of activity) of personality traits on a latent measurement model of allostatic load informed by 10 biomarkers associated with cardiovascular, inflammation, glucose, and lipid subsystems.

Results

Direct 10 year associations of greater conscientiousness on healthier allostatic load and greater extraversion on less healthy allostatic load were observed. Consistent with hypothesized behavioral pathways, relationships between conscientiousness and extraversion on allostatic load were prospectively mediated by greater perceptions of activity. Physical activity and more frequent alcohol use were associated with healthier allostatic load but did not act as prospective mediators.

Conclusions

The results provide further evidence of conscientiousness’ standing as a marker of health via cumulative physiological health. Moreover, a greater perception of activity was identified as a pathway through which conscientious individuals experienced healthier physiological profiles over time. Examining a more detailed picture of the psychosocial mechanisms leading to development of health risk, as was found with perceptions of activity, remains an important area for future research.

中文翻译：

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全国样本中的人格特征、应对、与健康相关的行为和累积生理健康：10 年责任心通过对静态负荷的活动感知的前瞻性影响。

摘要

背景

人格特征、应对方式和与健康相关的行为与健康的各个方面都有关联。然而，关于这些因素可能影响后期累积生理健康风险的途径的综合生命历程调查仍然很少。

目的

在全国样本中通过应对方式和健康相关行为对稳态负荷的人格特征的前瞻性关联进行调查。

方法

使用来自美国中年研究 (MIDUS；N = 1,054) 的数据，使用路径分析来测试直接和间接关联（通过应对方式、吸烟、饮酒频率、闲暇时间的身体活动和对活动的看法） ) 的人格特征的潜在测量模型，由与心血管、炎症、葡萄糖和脂质子系统相关的 10 个生物标志物告知。

结果

观察到在更健康的静态负荷下更大的责任心和在不太健康的静态负荷下更大的外向性之间的直接 10 年关联。与假设的行为途径一致，责任心和外向性对平衡负荷的关系是由对活动的更大感知前瞻性介导的。体力活动和更频繁的饮酒与更健康的平衡负荷相关，但不能作为预期的中介因素。

结论

结果提供了进一步的证据，证明责任心通过累积的生理健康成为健康的标志。此外，对活动的更大感知被确定为有责任心的人随着时间的推移经历更健康的生理特征的途径。检查导致健康风险发展的心理社会机制的更详细图片，正如对活动的看法所发现的，仍然是未来研究的一个重要领域。