Domestication of new candidate species remains a long and difficult process often resulting in unfruitful attempts. Early steps in most domestication programmes often consider species as a unity, disregarding a part of the biodiversity: the wild intraspecific geographic differentiation. Yet, this differentiation can shape local specificities, which could lead to different domestication predisposition or socio‐economic attractiveness between populations. Therefore, considering this population‐specific potential could facilitate domestication and subsequent production of new candidate species. Here, we propose a three‐step integrative approach to standardise and facilitate new domestication attempts by taking advantage of wild geographic differentiation. Step 1 consists of classifying the wild biodiversity to identify prospective units (i.e. groups of differentiated allopatric populations). Step 2 allows comparing performances of these units in standardised conditions (i.e. rearing system) through a multifunction and multi‐trait assessment. Finally, step 3 highlights units with higher aquaculture potentials through the calculation of an aquaculture potential score. This approach, here applied to fish culture for human consumption, also aims at being extended to other taxa (e.g. crustaceans, molluscs) and other production goals.

中文翻译：

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从野生生物多样性中释放种内水产养殖潜力，以促进水产养殖发展

新候选物种的驯化仍然是一个漫长而困难的过程，常常导致徒劳无功。大多数驯化计划的早期步骤通常都将物种视为一个整体，而忽略了生物多样性的一部分：野生种内地理差异。但是，这种差异可以塑造局部特性，这可能导致不同的驯化倾向或人群之间的社会经济吸引力。因此，考虑到这一特定种群的潜力可以促进驯化和随后新候选物种的生产。在这里，我们提出了一个三步整合的方法，以利用野生的地理差异来标准化和促进新的驯化尝试。步骤1包括对野生生物多样性进行分类以识别潜在的单位（即 异化种群的不同群体）。步骤2允许通过多功能和多特征评估比较这些单元在标准化条件（即饲养系统）下的性能。最后，第3步通过计算水产养殖潜力得分，突出显示具有较高水产养殖潜力的单位。这种方法在这里适用于人类消费的鱼类养殖，其目的还在于扩展到其他分类单元（例如甲壳类，软体动物）和其他生产目标。