We build a tractable model of frictional labor markets and segmented housing markets to study welfare effects of regulations, including spatial misallocation and deviation from competitive pricing of rents. The model is summarized by a labor demand curve depending on rents and wages, a wage curve reflecting labor market tightness and rents, and finally a rent curve reflecting employment. In this economy, the rent gradient in the flexible rent sector is higher than in a purely competitive housing market. This leads to spatial misallocation due to some employees commuting too much and some non-employed living inefficiently close to jobs. In turn, reducing generalized commuting costs reduces the rent gradient in the flexible rent sector and the cost of spatial misallocation of workers. The reduction in market rents is maximal when labor markets are less frictional and housing markets are more frictional, and welfare gains are larger when both are more efficient.

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带有摩擦性住房市场的城市劳动力市场：理论及其在巴黎市区的应用

我们建立了一个摩擦劳动力市场和细分的住房市场的易处理模型，以研究法规的福利影响，包括空间分配不当和租金竞争定价的偏离。该模型由依赖于租金和工资的劳动力需求曲线，反映劳动力市场紧张程度和租金的工资曲线，最后反映就业的租金曲线来概括。在这种经济中，灵活租金部门的租金梯度高于纯粹竞争性住房市场的租金梯度。由于一些雇员通勤过多以及一些失业者无法有效地工作，这导致空间分配不当。反过来，减少通用通勤成本可降低灵活租金部门的租金梯度，并减少工人的空间错位成本。