Being able to manipulate and control light flows at small scales holds the promise to open groundbreaking opportunities for a variety of technologies. Consider, for instance, the challenges currently faced in the world of computing: as data rates and processing demands increase worldwide at an exponential rate, we are facing unsustainable increases in energy consumption associated with data centers and streaming providers. To address these challenges, optical computing and communications offer an interesting alternative to electronic-based systems. Using light for these purposes, however, is hindered by the fact that photons are not easily squeezed to volumes beyond the diffraction limit, i.e., below the wavelength scale, which would be required both to enable lowenergy computation at sufficiently high speeds and to match the degree of integration density available in electronic systems. Today, the field of optoelectronics, which combines highdensity electronic devices to process the data and low-energy data transport enabled by light, is growing at a very fast pace.

中文翻译：

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主动纳米光子学

能够在小范围内操纵和控制光流有望为各种技术开辟开创性的机会。例如，考虑一下当前计算领域面临的挑战：随着全球数据速率和处理需求呈指数级增长，我们正面临与数据中心和流媒体提供商相关的能源消耗不可持续的增长。为了应对这些挑战，光计算和通信为基于电子的系统提供了一种有趣的替代方案。然而，将光用于这些目的会受到以下事实的阻碍：光子不容易被挤压到超过衍射极限的体积，即低于波长尺度，这既需要以足够高的速度实现低能耗计算，又要与电子系统中可用的集成密度相匹配。今天，结合高密度电子设备来处理数据和低能量数据传输的光电子领域正在以非常快的速度发展。