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Natural selection drives population divergence for local adaptation in a wheat pathogen.
Fungal Genetics and Biology ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2020.103398
Danilo Pereira 1 , Daniel Croll 2 , Patrick C Brunner 1 , Bruce A McDonald 1
Affiliation  

Evolution favors the emergence of locally-adapted optimum phenotypes that are likely to differ across a wide array of environmental conditions. The emergence of favorable adaptive characteristics is accelerated in agricultural pathogens due to the unique properties of agro-ecosystems. We performed a QST - FST comparison using 164 strains of Parastagonospora nodorum sampled from eight global field populations to disentangle the predominant evolutionary forces driving population divergence in a wheat pathogen. We used digital image analysis to obtain quantitative measurements of growth rate and melanization at different temperatures and under different fungicide concentrations in a common garden experiment. FST measures were based on complete genome sequences obtained for all 164 isolates. Our analyses indicated that all measured traits were under selection. Growth rates at 18 °C and 24 °C were under stabilizing selection (QST < FST), while diversifying selection (QST > FST) was the predominant evolutionary force affecting growth under fungicide and high temperature stress. Stabilizing selection (QST < FST) was the predominant force affecting melanization across the different environments. Melanin production increased at 30 °C but was negatively correlated with higher growth rates, consistent with a trade-off under heat stress. Our results demonstrate that global populations of P. nodorum possess significant evolutionary potential to adapt to changing local conditions, including warmer temperatures and applications of fungicides.

中文翻译:

自然选择驱动小麦病原体局部适应的种群差异。

进化有利于局部适应的最佳表型的出现,这些表型可能在广泛的环境条件下有所不同。由于农业生态系统的独特特性,农业病原体加速了有利适应性特征的出现。我们使用从八个全球田间种群中取样的 164 株结节孢子菌进行了 QST - FST 比较,以解开导致小麦病原体种群分化的主要进化力量。我们使用数字图像分析在一个普通的花园实验中获得了在不同温度和不同杀菌剂浓度下的生长速率和黑化的定量测量。FST 测量基于为所有 164 个分离株获得的完整基因组序列。我们的分析表明,所有测量的性状都在选择中。18 °C 和 24 °C 下的生长速率处于稳定选择 (QST < FST) 下,而多样化选择 (QST > FST) 是影响杀菌剂和高温胁迫下生长的主要进化力量。稳定选择(QST < FST)是影响不同环境黑色化的主要力量。黑色素产量在 30 °C 时增加,但与更高的增长率呈负相关,这与热应激下的权衡一致。我们的结果表明,全球 P. nodorum 种群具有显着的进化潜力,可以适应不断变化的当地条件,包括温度升高和杀菌剂的应用。而多样化选择(QST > FST)是影响杀菌剂和高温胁迫下生长的主要进化力量。稳定选择(QST < FST)是影响不同环境黑色化的主要力量。黑色素产量在 30 °C 时增加,但与更高的增长率呈负相关,这与热应激下的权衡一致。我们的结果表明,全球 P. nodorum 种群具有显着的进化潜力,可以适应不断变化的当地条件,包括温度升高和杀菌剂的应用。而多样化选择(QST > FST)是影响杀菌剂和高温胁迫下生长的主要进化力量。稳定选择(QST < FST)是影响不同环境黑色化的主要力量。黑色素产量在 30 °C 时增加,但与更高的增长率呈负相关,这与热应激下的权衡一致。我们的结果表明,全球 P. nodorum 种群具有显着的进化潜力,可以适应不断变化的当地条件,包括温度升高和杀菌剂的应用。FST) 是影响不同环境中黑色化的主要力量。黑色素产量在 30 °C 时增加,但与更高的增长率呈负相关,这与热应激下的权衡一致。我们的结果表明,全球 P. nodorum 种群具有显着的进化潜力,可以适应不断变化的当地条件,包括温度升高和杀菌剂的应用。FST) 是影响不同环境中黑色化的主要力量。黑色素产量在 30 °C 时增加,但与更高的增长率呈负相关,这与热应激下的权衡一致。我们的结果表明,全球 P. nodorum 种群具有显着的进化潜力,可以适应不断变化的当地条件,包括温度升高和杀菌剂的应用。
更新日期:2020-05-01
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