Fluoroscopy is the imaging modality routinely used for cardiac device implantation. Due to the rising concern regarding the harmful effects of radiation exposure to both the patients and operation staffs, many efforts have been made to develop alternative techniques to achieve zero‐fluoroscopy implantation. In this review, we describe the different methods aimed at avoiding the application of fluoroscopy in recent years, and evaluate their feasibility and safety in cardiac electronic device implantation.

中文翻译：

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心脏电子装置零透视植入研究进展[J].

透视是心脏装置植入常规使用的成像方式。由于人们越来越关注辐射暴露对患者和手术人员的有害影响，已经做出了许多努力来开发替代技术以实现零透视植入。在这篇综述中，我们描述了近年来旨在避免应用透视的不同方法，并评估它们在心脏电子设备植入中的可行性和安全性。