The generation of electrical energy with photovoltaic modules is a highly useful and environmentally friendly method. For this reason, studies to increase the electrical energy production from photovoltaic (PV) modules have gained great importance. Concentrated PV systems constitute a significant part of these studies. The major problems with the concentrated PV systems are the risks of lowering the efficiency of the cells (i.e., concentration process increases PV cell temperature) and the thermal damage that can occur with sudden temperature increases. In order to avoid these risks, various applications are used to cool concentrated PV modules. In this study, an active system, which was developed for cleaning and cooling PV modules, was tested. The aim of the present study was to ensure that the surfaces were clean and free of external, contaminating factors such as dust and dirt, and that the PV cells were cooled. During the experiments, two different systems were compared: the system with the cleaning‐cooling processes and the one without these processes. Prior to starting experiments, a hydrophobic liquid onto the surfaces of the PV modules was applied to facilitate the cleaning process. The results of the experiments revealed that the temperature of the PV module was 50°C in the cleaning‐cooling process and 67°C in the system without the cleaning‐cooling process. On the other hand, it was observed that the proposed design increased the power output of PV module up to 40%.

中文翻译：

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结合自清洁和冷却过程的新型设计集中光伏系统的性能评估

用光伏模块产生电能是一种非常有用且环保的方法。因此，增加光伏（PV）模块的电能生产的研究变得非常重要。集中式光伏系统是这些研究的重要组成部分。集中式光伏系统的主要问题是降低电池效率的风险（即，浓缩过程会提高光伏电池的温度）以及温度突然升高可能引起的热损伤。为了避免这些风险，使用了各种应用程序来冷却集中的PV模块。在这项研究中，测试了用于清洁和冷却PV模块的有源系统。本研究的目的是确保表面清洁且无外部，污染因素，例如灰尘和污垢，以及PV电池已冷却。在实验过程中，比较了两种不同的系统：具有清洗冷却过程的系统和没有这些过程的系统。在开始实验之前，将疏水性液体涂在PV组件的表面上以促进清洁过程。实验结果表明，在清洁冷却过程中，PV模块的温度为50°C，而在没有清洁冷却过程中，系统的温度为67°C。另一方面，据观察，提出的设计将PV组件的功率输出提高了40％。具有清洗冷却过程的系统和没有这些过程的系统。在开始实验之前，将疏水性液体涂在PV组件的表面上以促进清洁过程。实验结果表明，在清洁冷却过程中，PV模块的温度为50°C，而在没有清洁冷却过程中，系统的温度为67°C。另一方面，据观察，提出的设计将PV组件的功率输出提高了40％。具有清洗冷却过程的系统和没有这些过程的系统。在开始实验之前，将疏水性液体涂在PV组件的表面上以促进清洁过程。实验结果表明，在清洁冷却过程中，PV模块的温度为50°C，而在没有清洁冷却过程中，系统的温度为67°C。另一方面，据观察，提出的设计将PV组件的功率输出提高了40％。