Clays are abundantly available support material used for the preparation of green heterogeneous catalysts to produce biodiesel. In the present study, bentonite clay supported on sodium methoxide catalyst was prepared by impregnation process. The catalyst characterization was done by powder X‐ray diffraction, brunauer–emmett–teller analysis, thermo‐gravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and Hammett indicator techniques. The study for determination of optimal parameters in biodiesel production was carried out using response surface methodology. A biodiesel yield of 94.33% was achieved with 2 wt% catalyst amount, 12:1 M ratio of methanol to oil, 70 min reaction time at 55°C. It was observed that the prepared catalyst has good catalytic activity. An additional significance of the synthesized catalyst was that it could be easily recovered and used in consecutive cycles without any substantial loss of catalytic activity. The physical and chemical fuel properties were determined and met the American Society for Testing and Materials Standard.

中文翻译：

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甲醇钠负载膨润土催化剂用于废葵花籽油制备生物柴油的实验研究

粘土是用于制备绿色多相催化剂以生产生物柴油的丰富可用载体材料。在本研究中，通过浸渍法制备了负载在甲醇钠催化剂上的膨润土。催化剂的表征通过粉末X射线衍射，Brunerer-Emmett-Teller分析，热重分析，傅里叶变换红外光谱，扫描电子显微镜，原子吸收光谱和Hammett指示剂技术完成。使用响应面法进行了确定生物柴油生产中最佳参数的研究。催化剂量为2 wt％，甲醇与油的比例为12：1 M，在55°C下反应70分钟，生物柴油的收率达到94.33％。观察到制备的催化剂具有良好的催化活性。合成催化剂的另一个重要意义是它可以很容易地回收并以连续循环使用，而催化活性没有任何实质性损失。确定了物理和化学燃料特性，并符合美国测试和材料协会标准。