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Unraveling the menace: detection of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture
Letters in Applied Microbiology ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-22 , DOI: 10.1111/lam.13292
P G Preena 1 , T Raja Swaminathan 2 , V J Rejish Kumar 3 , I S Bright Singh 1
Affiliation  

One of the major problems to be addressed in aquaculture is the prominence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The occurrence of bacterial infections in cultured fishes promotes the continuous use of antibiotics in aquaculture, which results in the selection of proliferated antibiotic‐resistant bacteria and increases the possibility of transfer to the whole environment through horizontal gene transfer. Hence, the accurate cultivation‐dependent and cultivation‐independent detection methods are very much crucial for the immediate and proper management of this menace. Antimicrobial resistance determinants carrying mobile genetic transfer elements such as transposons, plasmids, integrons and gene cassettes need to be specifically analysed through molecular detection techniques. The susceptibility of microbes to antibiotics should be tested at regular intervals along with various biochemical assays and conjugation studies so as to determine the extent of spread of AMR. Advanced omic‐based and bioinformatic tools can also be incorporated for understanding of genetic diversity. The present review focuses on different detection methods to unearth the complexity of AMR in aquaculture. This monitoring helps the authorities to curb the use of antibiotics, commencement of appropriate management measures and adequate substitute strategies in aquaculture. The long battle of AMR could be overcome by the sincere implementation of One Health approach.

中文翻译:

消除威胁:检测水产养殖中的抗微生物药物耐药性

水产养殖要解决的主要问题之一是抗菌素耐药性(AMR)的突出问题。养殖鱼类细菌感染的发生促进了水产养殖中抗生素的持续使用,从而导致选择增殖的耐药细菌,并增加了通过水平基因转移向整个环境转移的可能性。因此,准确的依赖培养和独立培养的检测方法对于立即和适当地管理这种威胁非常重要。需要通过分子检测技术对携带转座子、质粒、整合子和基因盒等移动遗传转移元件的抗生素耐药性决定因素进行具体分析。应定期测试微生物对抗生素的敏感性以及各种生化分析和结合研究,以确定 AMR 的传播程度。还可以结合先进的基于组学和生物信息学的工具来理解遗传多样性。本综述侧重于不同的检测方法,以揭示水产养殖中 AMR 的复杂性。这种监测有助于当局在水产养殖中遏制抗生素的使用、启动适当的管理措施和适当的替代策略。AMR 的长期斗争可以通过真诚实施 One Health 方法来克服。还可以结合先进的基于组学和生物信息学的工具来理解遗传多样性。本综述侧重于不同的检测方法,以揭示水产养殖中 AMR 的复杂性。这种监测有助于当局在水产养殖中遏制抗生素的使用、启动适当的管理措施和适当的替代策略。AMR 的长期斗争可以通过真诚实施 One Health 方法来克服。还可以结合先进的基于组学和生物信息学的工具来理解遗传多样性。本综述侧重于不同的检测方法,以揭示水产养殖中 AMR 的复杂性。这种监测有助于当局在水产养殖中遏制抗生素的使用、启动适当的管理措施和适当的替代策略。AMR 的长期斗争可以通过真诚实施 One Health 方法来克服。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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