Influences of planting density and nitrogen rate have been investigated frequently in targeted wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) research. Few studies have investigated interactions between these inputs. The objective was to determine the combine effect of N and seeding rates on culm morph‐physiological traits for lodging tolerance and grain yield. The experiment used a split‐split randomized block design using two wheat varieties ‘AnNong0711’ and ‘YanNong19’, split by four seeding (180, 240, 300, and 375 × 10⁴ ha⁻¹) and four N rates (0, 180, 240, and 300 kg ha⁻¹). Lodging traits of plant height, culm height center of gravity, and internode length, increased (p < .05) however, stem diameter, wall thickness, and stem breaking strength decreased with increasing N and seeding rate. Stem breaking strength was negatively correlated with culm height center of gravity (r = −.869, p = .01), internode length (r = −.872, p < .01), and lignin (r = −.746, p < .01) but positively correlated with internode diameter (r = .715, p < .05) and wall thickness (r = .696, p < .05). Culm lodging index and cellulose showed positive correlation (r = .807 and .913 respectively) with lignin. Compared to YanNong19, AnNong0711 showed higher grain yield and culm lodging index of 9 and 20.49%, respectively. For improved grain yield, 180 plants m⁻² was optimal in surface combinations with 210 kg N ha⁻¹ for AnNong0711 and 200 kg N ha⁻¹ for YanNong19. These combinations of seeding and N rates could successfully mitigate lodging and improve grain yield.

中文翻译：

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优化植物密度和氮素制度以减轻小麦倒伏风险

在目标小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）研究中，经常调查了种植密度和氮素含量的影响。很少有研究调查这些投入之间的相互作用。目的是确定氮和播种量对茎秆形态生理性状的抗倒伏能力和籽粒产量的综合影响。该实验采用分裂分裂随机区组设计，使用两个小麦品种“ AnNong0711”和“ YanNong19”，并通过四个播种（180、240、300和375×10 ⁴  ha ^-1）和四个氮素比率（0、180）进行分裂，240和300 kg ha ^-1）。株高，茎秆重心和节间长度的寄养性状增加（p <.05），但是茎直径，壁厚和茎断裂强度随氮和播种量的增加而降低。茎断裂强度与茎高重心（r  = -.869，p = .01），节间长度（r  = -.872，p  <.01）和木质素（r  = -.746，p）负相关。 <.01），但与节点间直径（r  = .715，p  <.05）和壁厚（r  = .696，p  <.05）正相关。库尔姆倒伏指数与纤维素呈正相关（r分别为.807和.913）。与YanNong19相比，AnNong0711的单产和茎秆倒伏指数分别高出9和20.49％。为了提高谷物产量，在表面组合中180株m ^-2最佳，其中AnNong0711为210 kg N ha ^-1，YanNong19为200 kg N ha ^-1。播种和氮肥的这些组合可以成功缓解倒伏并提高谷物产量。