Resident populations of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) are of particular management interest throughout the eastern United States given increased human‐wildlife conflicts due to regional increases in the Atlantic Flyway Resident Population. Within Virginia, USA, growth rates of resident goose populations have been reduced through extended harvest seasons and increased bag limits. Our objective was to investigate spatiotemporal patterns in survival rates and harvest rates of resident geese in Virginia over the past 25 years. We estimated annual survival, recovery, and harvest rates using mark‐recapture data from 1990–2015 for individuals that were banded as resident birds during summer throughout the state. We tested for differences in annual survival probability and harvest rates of resident geese banded and recovered in 3 distinct goose hunt zones: the Atlantic, Southern James Bay, and Western hunt zones, each of which had different hunting regulations. We also tested for differences in survival and harvest rates between individuals banded in rural or urban sampling locations, and between age classes (i.e., after hatch‐year or hatch‐year). In general, survival rates of resident geese over the past 25 years in Virginia are declining. Differences in survival among the 3 goose hunt zones also suggests that current harvest management strategies have reduced survival rates of resident geese. Upon closer examination, we found differences in survival among zones, with resident geese in the Atlantic and Southern James Bay hunt zones showing more negative declines compared to resident geese in the Western zone. Resident geese banded in rural areas had higher survival than urban‐banded geese. We also investigated the effects of sampling effort on survival estimates and found no difference in survival estimates among groups when using 75%, 50%, 25%, or 5% of the data randomly sampled from the full data set, suggesting that banding efforts of resident geese could be reduced and continue to inform adaptive management strategies for these populations throughout Virginia. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.

中文翻译：

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弗吉尼亚州加拿大大雁的长期生存和收获

加拿大鹅（加拿大黑雁）的居民种群）由于大西洋飞路常住人口的区域性增加而导致人类与野生动物的冲突增加，因此在整个美国东部地区，管理尤其有意义。在美国弗吉尼亚州，由于延长了收获季节并提高了装袋量，降低了当地鹅的生长速度。我们的目标是调查过去25年中弗吉尼亚州鹅的存活率和收获率的时空分布。我们使用1990-2015年间在全州夏季作为居民鸟带的个体的标记捕获数据估算了年度存活，恢复和收获率。我们测试了在3个不同的鹅狩猎区带状和恢复的居民鹅的年生存概率和收获率的差异：大西洋，南部詹姆斯湾，和西部狩猎区，每个狩猎区都有不同的狩猎规定。我们还测试了在农村或城市采样地点的个体之间以及年龄段之间（即孵化年或孵化年之后）的成活率和收获率差异。总体而言，弗吉尼亚州过去25年的居民鹅存活率正在下降。3个鹅狩猎区之间的生存差异也表明，当前的收获管理策略降低了常驻鹅的生存率。仔细检查后，我们发现各地区之间的生存率存在差异，大西洋地区和南部詹姆斯湾狩猎区的居民鹅与西部地区的居民鹅相比，下降幅度更大。居住在农村地区的鹅的存活率要高于居住在城市中的鹅。我们还调查了采样工作量对生存估计的影响，当使用从完整数据集中随机采样的数据的75％，50％，25％或5％时，各组之间的生存估计没有差异，这表明居民鹅可以减少，并继续为整个弗吉尼亚州的这些种群提供适应性管理策略。©2020野生动物协会。