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Multiproxy evidence for rapid and enduring anthropogenic vegetation change during the Late Holocene from an abandoned channel of the Mississippi River, Wapanocca Bayou, Arkansas, USA
Geoarchaeology ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-05 , DOI: 10.1002/gea.21773
Michael Aiuvalasit 1 , Tim Riley 2 , Joseph Schuldenrein 3
Affiliation  

Geoarchaeological cores from an infilling channel within the meander belt of the Central Mississippi Valley recovered multiproxy evidence of vegetation changes during the Late Holocene. The sampling site, Wapanocca Bayou (Crittenden County, Arkansas), is flanked by levees that supported settlements of prehistoric Late Woodland and Mississippian farm sites, villages, and towns (AD 300–1650). These settlements include the Bradley site (3CT7), which was potentially the capital of a powerful Native American chiefdom visited by Hernando De Soto's North American expedition in 1541. Age‐depth modeling of radiocarbon dates from a 10+ meter core indicates continuous infilling of the channel since at least 2,450 cal BP. Palynological records preserve diachronic and patterned shifts in vegetation reflecting significant disturbances in these dynamic meander‐belt settings. Coeval trends in soil phosphorus, organic matter, charcoal concentrations, and magnetic susceptibility combined with archaeological evidence for increasingly intense landuse practices support our argument that vegetation changes along Wapanocca Bayou were caused by prehistoric anthropogenic disturbances, rather than natural processes associated with oxbow infilling and terrestrialization. With time the role of the natural vegetation succession receded in relative importance as local ecosystems were progressively modified by prehistoric Native Americans. This change was then sustained by intensified historical agricultural practices.

中文翻译:

在美国阿肯色州Wapanocca Bayou的密西西比河废弃河道的全新世晚期,人为快速而持久的植被变化的多重代理证据

来自密西西比河谷中部曲折带内充填通道的地球考古学核心获得了全新世晚期植被变化的多方面证据。采样点Wapanocca Bayou(阿肯色州克里滕登县)两侧是堤坝,堤坝支持史前晚期林地和密西西比州的农田,村庄和城镇的定居(公元300–1650年)。这些定居点包括布拉德利遗址(3CT7),该遗址可能是强大的美国原住民首府的首都,埃尔南多·德索托(Hernando De Soto)在1541年进行了北美洲探险。自至少2,450 cal BP起 古生物学记录保留了植被的历时性和模式性变化,反映出在这些动态曲折带环境中的重大干扰。土壤磷,有机质,木炭浓度和磁化率的近代趋势,结合考古学证据证明土地利用日趋频繁,这支持了我们的论点,即瓦帕诺卡河湾的植被变化是由史前人为干扰引起的,而不是与牛弓充填和陆缘化相关的自然过程。随着时间的流逝,随着史前美国原住民对当地生态系统的逐步改造,自然植被演替的作用相对重要性下降。然后,这种变化通过强化的历史农业实践得以维持。木炭的浓度和磁化率,再加上考古学证据表明土地使用越来越频繁,这支持了我们的论点,即瓦帕诺卡河湾的植被变化是由史前的人为干扰引起的,而不是与牛弓充填和陆地化相关的自然过程。随着时间的流逝,随着史前美国原住民对当地生态系统的逐步改造,自然植被演替的作用相对重要性下降。然后,这种变化通过强化的历史农业实践得以维持。木炭的浓度和磁化率,再加上考古学证据表明土地使用越来越频繁,这支持了我们的论点,即瓦帕诺卡河湾的植被变化是由史前的人为干扰引起的,而不是与牛弓充填和陆地化相关的自然过程。随着时间的流逝,随着史前美国原住民对当地生态系统的逐步改造,自然植被演替的作用相对重要性下降。然后,这种变化通过强化的历史农业实践得以维持。而不是与牛b充填和陆地化相关的自然过程。随着时间的流逝,随着史前美国原住民对当地生态系统的逐步改造,自然植被演替的作用相对重要性下降。然后,这种变化通过强化的历史农业实践得以维持。而不是与牛b充填和陆地化相关的自然过程。随着时间的流逝,随着史前美国原住民对当地生态系统的逐步改造,自然植被演替的作用相对重要性下降。然后,这种变化通过强化的历史农业实践得以维持。
更新日期:2019-12-05
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