Rapid and far‐reaching transitions are required to combat climate change and its impacts. Carbon capture and storage within mineral deposits is a promising solution to remove CO2 from the atmosphere. In‐situ geological storage and ex‐situ mineral sequestration are practically sufficient for sequestering all the anthropogenic CO2. Recent research reports that more than 95% of injected CO2 was mineralized into carbonates in two years by using in‐situ geological approach, and mining wastes and secondary minerals were recycled as resources for ex‐situ CO2 sequestration. However, geological activity is the major risk of in‐situ storage, while high energy consumption and associated cost may limit the application of ex‐situ carbonation. Significant technical breakthroughs of mineral and geological CO2 sequestration are therefore of vital importance to realize a “net‐zero CO2 emissions” and even “carbon‐negative” society.

中文翻译：

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土壤和地质构造作为 CO 2 封存的解毒剂？

应对气候变化及其影响需要快速而深远的转型。矿床中的碳捕获和储存是从大气中去除二氧化碳的有前途的解决方案。就地地质封存和异地矿物封存实际上足以封存所有人为二氧化碳。最近的研究表明，通过原位地质方法，95% 以上的注入 CO2 在两年内矿化为碳酸盐，并将采矿废物和次生矿物回收作为异地固存 CO2 的资源。然而，地质活动是原位封存的主要风险，而高能耗和相关成本可能会限制异地碳化的应用。