The role of ethylene (through application of ethephon) in the regulation of nickel (Ni) stress tolerance was investigated in this study. Ethephon at concentration of 200 µl l⁻¹ was applied to mustard (Brassica juncea) plants grown without and with 200 mg kg⁻¹ soil Ni to study the increased growth traits, biochemical attributes, photosynthetic efficiency, nutrients content, activities of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase, glyoxalase systems and enhanced the proline metabolism. In the absence of ethephon, Ni increased oxidative stress with a concomitant decrease in photosynthesis, growth and nutrients content. However, application of ethephon positively increased growth traits, photosynthetic parameters, nutrients content and also elevated the generation of antioxidants enzymes and glyoxalase systems, proline production to combat oxidative stress. Plants water relations and cellular homeostasis were maintained through increased photosynthetic efficiency and proline production. This signifies the role of ethylene in mediating Ni tolerance via regulating proline production and photosynthetic capacity. Ethephon can be used as an exogenous supplement on plants to confer Ni tolerance. The results can be exploited to develop tolerance in plants via gene editing technology encoding enzymes responsible for proline synthesis, antioxidant defence, glyoxalase systems and photosynthetic effectiveness.

中文翻译：

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乙烯利通过调节印度芥菜中的抗氧化系统、乙二醛酶系统和脯氨酸代谢来减轻镍应激。


本研究研究了乙烯（通过乙烯利的应用）在调节镍 (Ni) 应力耐受性中的作用。将浓度为 200 µl l ⁻¹的乙烯利应用于没有和有 200 mg kg ⁻¹土壤镍的芥菜 ( Brassica juncea ) 植物，以研究增加的生长性状、生化属性、光合效率、养分含量、抗氧化剂活性，例如超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、乙二醛酶系统和增强的脯氨酸代谢。在没有乙烯利的情况下，镍会增加氧化应激，同时降低光合作用、生长和营养物质含量。然而，乙烯利的应用积极增加了生长性状、光合参数、营养物质含量，还增加了抗氧化酶和乙二醛酶系统的产生，以及对抗氧化应激的脯氨酸产量。通过提高光合作用效率和脯氨酸产量来维持植物的水分关系和细胞稳态。这表明乙烯通过调节脯氨酸产量和光合能力来介导镍耐受性。乙烯利可用作植物的外源补充剂，以赋予植物耐镍性。通过基因编辑技术编码负责脯氨酸合成、抗氧化防御、乙二醛酶系统和光合作用效率的酶，可以利用这些结果来开发植物的耐受性。