Seventy melon (Cucumis melo L.) accessions comprising of landraces, inbred lines, cultivars, wild relatives and exotic populations were characterized using fifteen fruit traits and 30 SSR markers. Overall, aim of this study was to investigate the genetic relatedness across origins, horticultural groups and accession categories. Significant differences were observed for days to first fruit maturity, fruit weight, fruits per vine, yield per plant, flesh thickness, fruit shape index, total soluble solids, β-carotene, ascorbic acid and titrable acidity. Twenty-four polymorphic SSRs detected 67 distinct alleles with moderate polymorphic information content (0.43) and genetic diversity (0.44). Observed heterozygosity (0.53) was higher than expected heterozygosity (0.48) which can be attributed to out-cross nature of melons. Neighbor joining tree based on SSRs diverged 70 accessions into six clusters independent of geographic sites of collections. Momordica and inodorus accessions formed distinct clusters, with some exceptions. Intermixing of landraces, modern cultivars and exotic accessions belonging to different taxa and geographic regions indicated genetic resemblance with each other. Hybridization among exotic and indigenous genetic resources can be utilized for genetic enhancement and introgression of new traits in modern melon cultivars.

中文翻译：

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基于果实形态，质量成分和微卫星标记的印度和外来甜瓜之间的遗传多样性和相互关系。

七十瓜（Cumelis meloL.）使用15种水果性状和30个SSR标记对包括地方品种，近交系，品种，野生近缘种和外来种群的种质进行了鉴定。总体而言，本研究的目的是调查跨起源，园艺群体和登录类别的遗传相关性。在第一个果实成熟期，果实重量，每株葡萄果实，每株植物的产量，果肉厚度，果实形状指数，总可溶性固形物，β-胡萝卜素，抗坏血酸和可滴定酸度的天数之间观察到显着差异。24个多态性SSRs检测到67个不同的等位基因，具有中等多态性信息含量（0.43）和遗传多样性（0.44）。观察到的杂合度（0.53）高于预期的杂合度（0.48），这可以归因于甜瓜的异质性。苦瓜和无臭种质形成不同的簇，但有一些例外。属于不同分类单元和地理区域的地方品种，现代品种和外来种质的混杂表明它们的遗传相似。外来和本地遗传资源之间的杂交可用于现代甜瓜品种的遗传改良和新性状的渗入。