Fetal tumors represent an infrequent pathology when compared to congenital malformations, although their true incidence may be underestimated. A variety of benign and malignant neoplasms may occur anywhere in the neural axis. Imaging plays an important role in the fetal tumor diagnosis and evaluation of their resultant complications. Discovery of a fetal mass on obstetric ultrasound necessitates further evaluation with prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). New MR sequences and new applications of existing techniques have been successfully implemented in prenatal imaging. A detailed assessment may be performed using a variety of MR. Fetal tumors may be histologically benign or malignant, but their prognosis generally remains poor, especially for intracranial lesions. Unfavorable tumor location or heightened metabolic demands on a developing fetus may result in severe complications and a fatal outcome, even in cases of benign lesions. Nowadays, prenatal treatment focuses mainly on alleviation of secondary complications caused by the tumors. In this article we review congenital tumors of the brain, face, and neck encountered in prenatal life, and discuss diagnostic clues for appropriate diagnosis.

中文翻译：

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胎儿脑、头和颈部肿瘤：产前成像和管理。

与先天性畸形相比，胎儿肿瘤是一种罕见的病理，尽管它们的真实发生率可能被低估。各种良性和恶性肿瘤都可能发生在神经轴的任何部位。影像学在胎儿肿瘤的诊断和由此产生的并发症的评估中起着重要作用。在产科超声上发现胎儿肿块需要使用产前磁共振成像 (MRI) 进行进一步评估。新的 MR 序列和现有技术的新应用已成功应用于产前成像。可以使用各种 MR 进行详细的评估。胎儿肿瘤在组织学上可能是良性或恶性的，但它们的预后通常仍然很差，尤其是颅内病变。不利的肿瘤位置或对发育中胎儿的代谢需求增加可能导致严重的并发症和致命的结果，即使在良性病变的情况下也是如此。目前，产前治疗主要侧重于减轻肿瘤引起的继发性并发症。在本文中，我们回顾了出生前遇到的脑、面部和颈部的先天性肿瘤，并讨论了适当诊断的诊断线索。