This paper describes how last mile deliveries can be considered in a supply chain simulation using distance metrics. A brief overview of urban morphologies and their characteristics will be presented, with a focus on traffic-relevant characteristics. Also, different distance metrics are investigated with respect to their suitability for urban logistics. After a short characterisation, common distance metrics will be applied and compared to the presented urban morphologies, taking into account their interrelationships, properties and peculiarities by means of example cases. The aim here is to determine whether existing approximations for supply chain simulation models are sufficient, even against the background of changing urban design forms, or whether adjustments need to be made. Subsequently, it will be explained how the findings gained for the improved simulation of urban distribution networks can be integrated into simulation tools. The authors will propose a distance metric and name a rescaling factor that can be applied independently of the cityscape.

本文描述了在使用距离度量的供应链模拟中如何考虑最后一英里的交付。将简要介绍城市形态及其特征，重点是与交通有关的特征。此外，就距离距离度量标准对城市物流的适用性进行了研究。简短描述后，将应用常见距离度量并将其与所呈现的城市形态进行比较，并通过示例案例考虑它们之间的相互关系，属性和特性。这里的目的是确定即使在城市设计形式变化的背景下，供应链仿真模型的现有近似值是否足够，或者是否需要进行调整。后来，将说明如何将改进的城市配电网模拟所获得的结果整合到模拟工具中。作者将提出一种距离度量，并命名一个可以独立于城市景观应用的缩放比例因子。