Chronic cadmium exposure and its effect on cardiovascular-related markers were explored in the cross-sectional study of U.S. adults using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010 data. Cardiovascular-related markers, such as LDL cholesterol mg/dL (LDL-C), non-HDL cholesterol mg/dL (non-HDL-C), triglycerides mg/dL (TG), c-reactive protein mg/dL (CRP), and gamma-glutamyl transferase U/L (GGT) were explored in relation to urine cadmium level µg/L (UCL). The variables and their relation to UCL µg/L were explored both as continuous and categorical variables using linear and logistic regression models and basic descriptive statistics. Geometric Mean values of the markers of interest were statistically significantly more elevated in middle-aged adults (45-65 years) as compared to younger adults (18-44 years). In linear regression analysis, CRP mg/dL, LDL-C mg/dL, non-HDL-C mg/dL, and GGT U/L levels were significantly associated with UCLs mg/dL after adjusting for confounding variables. In binary logistic regression models, young and middle-aged adults chronically exposed to cadmium were significantly more likely to have elevated CRP mg/dL levels. This study suggests that chronic exposure to cadmium alters cardiovascular-related markers in middle-aged adults more so than younger adults, which calls for early public health intervention to limit cadmium exposure in the U.S.

中文翻译：

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成人慢性镉暴露和心血管疾病。

使用美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）2007-2010年数据对美国成年人进行横断面研究，探讨了慢性镉暴露及其对心血管相关标志物的影响。心血管相关标志物，例如LDL胆固醇mg / dL（LDL-C），非HDL胆固醇mg / dL（非HDL-C），甘油三酸酯mg / dL（TG），c反应蛋白mg / dL（CRP ），并探讨了与尿镉水平µg / L（UCL）有关的γ-谷氨酰转移酶U / L（GGT）。使用线性和逻辑回归模型以及基本描述统计量，将变量及其与UCL µg / L的关系作为连续变量和分类变量进行了探索。与中青年（18-44岁）相比，中年成年人（45-65岁）的目标标记的几何平均值在统计学上显着提高。在线性回归分析中，调整混杂变量后，CRP mg / dL，LDL-C mg / dL，非HDL-C mg / dL和GGT U / L水平与UCL mg / dL显着相关。在二元逻辑回归模型中，长期暴露于镉的年轻和中年成年人显着更有可能升高CRP mg / dL水平。这项研究表明，长期接触镉对中年成年人的心血管相关标志物的影响要比年轻成年人大得多，这要求在美国进行早期公共卫生干预以限制镉的接触。长期暴露于镉的年轻和中年成年人显着更有可能升高CRP mg / dL水平。这项研究表明，长期接触镉对中年成年人的心血管相关标志物的影响要比年轻成年人大得多，这要求在美国进行早期公共卫生干预以限制镉的接触。长期暴露于镉的年轻和中年成年人显着更有可能升高CRP mg / dL水平。这项研究表明，长期接触镉对中年成年人的心血管相关标志物的影响要比年轻成年人大得多，这要求在美国进行早期公共卫生干预以限制镉的接触。