Numbers of ornamental transgenic fish are increasing, and some of them are illegally imported into Europe. The fish are modified to display different fluorescent colors under UV light. In this article, we propose real-time PCR methods to detect fish presenting green, yellow and red fluorescent coloring. The methods were tested with success and were able to detect illegally imported fish in two European countries. The article also discusses some practical information that can be useful for routine analysis. In addition, a real-time PCR test able to highlight the presence of fish DNA in general is proposed to check the amplifiability of the DNA extracted from common bony fish species of the teleost subclass. Finally, as the testing by PCR can take several days and rapid decisions must be taken with living organisms, we explored the potential of fluorescence microscopy as a screening test to determine whether animals are suspect or can be released.

中文翻译：

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通过实时PCR和荧​​光显微镜检测观赏性转基因鱼。

观赏性转基因鱼的数量在增加，其中一些是非法进口到欧洲的。将鱼修改为在紫外线下显示不同的荧光颜色。在本文中，我们提出了实时PCR方法来检测呈现绿色，黄色和红色荧光色的鱼类。这些方法已经成功测试，并且能够在两个欧洲国家中发现非法进口的鱼类。本文还讨论了一些对常规分析有用的实用信息。此外，提出了一种实时PCR测试，该测试通常能够突出鱼类DNA的存在，以检查从硬骨鱼亚类的普通骨鱼类中提取的DNA的扩增能力。最后，由于通过PCR进行的测试可能需要几天的时间，因此必须对生物体做出快速的决定，