At some point, spatial priming effects more faithfully reflect response selection processes than they do attentional orienting or sensory processes. Findings from the spatial cueing literature suggest that two factors may be critical: (1) the amount of identity processing that is required in order to respond correctly (feature-based response hypothesis), and (2) the amount of spatial processing that is required in order to respond correctly (space-based response hypothesis). To test the first hypothesis, we manipulated whether observers made single keypress detection or two-choice localization responses to serially presented stimuli in peripheral vision and whether stimulus identity information processing was necessary before responding. Responses were always slowest when the target location repeated, consistent with an attentional orienting bias independent of keypress responding (i.e., inhibition of return; IOR). The localization procedure revealed a subtle additional cost for changing the target location and repeating a response, consistent with a response-related episodic retrieval effect predicted by the Theory of Event Coding (TEC). Neither effect was modulated by the need to discriminate features. To test the second hypothesis, we made spatial processing indispensable to response selection by requiring a decision between a detection and localization response, depending on where the target appeared. IOR was eliminated for detection, but not localization, responses, consistent with the TEC. Collectively, the findings suggest that the amount of space-based, but not feature-based, processing that is required to determine a response is responsible for the response retrieval effects that can co-occur with IOR.

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与反应相关的情节提取效应何时与返回抑制同时发生？

在某些时候，空间启动效应比注意力定向或感觉过程更真实地反映了反应选择过程。空间提示文献的发现表明，两个因素可能很关键：(1) 正确响应所需的身份处理量（基于特征的响应假设），以及 (2) 所需的空间处理量以正确响应（基于空间的响应假设）。为了检验第一个假设，我们操纵观察者是对周边视觉中连续呈现的刺激进行单次按键检测还是两种选择的定位响应，以及在响应之前是否需要处理刺激身份信息。当目标位置重复时，响应总是最慢，与独立于按键响应的注意力定向偏差一致（即，抑制返回；IOR）。定位过程揭示了改变目标位置和重复响应的微妙额外成本，这与事件编码理论 (TEC) 预测的响应相关情节检索效果一致。这两种效果都不受区分特征的需要的影响。为了检验第二个假设，我们要求根据目标出现的位置在检测和定位响应之间做出决定，从而使空间处理对于响应选择必不可少。与 TEC 一致，IOR 被消除用于检测，但不是定位，响应。总的来说，研究结果表明，基于空间而非基于特征的数量，