Background: Inflammation has a prominent role in cancer development and interleukin (IL)-33 has both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to measure IL-33 quantities and genetic alterations in the rs1929992 SNP within IL-33 gene in patients with prostate cancer (PC). Methods: This investigation was conducted on blood specimens from 150 newly diagnosed PC patients and 150 healthy age-matched controls. Serum IL-33 measurements and genotyping were performed by ELISA and PCR-RFLP, respectively. Results: Elevated IL-33 quantities were detected in PC patients compared with controls (P < 0.001). The PC patients with Gleason scores 7-10 displayed greater IL-33 quantities than those who had Gleason scores 1-6 (P < 0.001). Significant differences were found between PC stages regarding the IL-33 serum levels (P < 0.001). The frequencies of the genotypeGGand alleleG in rs1929992 SNP were higher, whereas the frequencies of the genotype AA and allele A were lower in PC patients, as compared with controls (P < 0.05, 0.01, P < 0.002 and P < 0.01, respectively). The genotype GG and allele G of rs1929992 SNP were associated with a greater risk of cancer development (OR: 4.533; P < 0.001, and OR: 1.516; P < 0.01, respectively). The IL-33 levels were not significantly different between the subjects carrier genotypes AA, AG and GG, or alleles A and G in rs1929992 SNP, neither in patients nor in controls. Conclusion: Higher IL-33 quantities were found in patients with PC, especially in those with greater stages which raises the possiblity that IL-33 may contribute to PC progression. The rs1929992 SNP-related genotype GG and allele G were associated with an increased risk of cancer development.

背景：炎症在癌症发展中发挥着重要作用，白细胞介素 (IL)-33 具有炎症和抗炎特性。本研究的目的是测量前列腺癌 (PC) 患者 IL-33 的数量以及 IL-33 基因内 rs1929992 SNP 的遗传改变。方法：本研究对 150 名新诊断 PC 患者和 150 名年龄匹配的健康对照者的血液样本进行了研究。分别通过 ELISA 和 PCR-RFLP 进行血清 IL-33 测量和基因分型。结果：与对照组相比，PC 患者中检测到 IL-33 含量升高（P < 0.001）。格里森评分为 7-10 的 PC 患者比格里森评分为 1-6 的 PC 患者显示出更多的 IL-33 量 (P < 0.001)。 PC 分期之间的 IL-33 血清水平存在显着差异 (P < 0.001)。与对照组相比，PC患者rs1929992 SNP中基因型GG和等位基因G的频率较高，而基因型AA和等位基因A的频率较低（分别为P < 0.05、0.01、P < 0.002和P < 0.01）。 rs1929992 SNP 的基因型 GG 和等位基因 G 与较高的癌症发生风险相关（OR：4.533；P < 0.001；OR：1.516；P < 0.01）。无论是在患者还是在对照中，携带基因型 AA、AG 和 GG 或 rs1929992 SNP 中的等位基因 A 和 G 的受试者之间的 IL-33 水平没有显着差异。结论：在 PC 患者中发现了较高的 IL-33 含量，尤其是在分期较高的患者中，这增加了 IL-33 可能促进 PC 进展的可能性。 rs1929992 SNP 相关基因型 GG 和等位基因 G 与癌症发生风险增加相关。