The structure deformation of the spacecraft due to the variation of temperature in space has a significant effect on the performance and stability of the spacecraft. Therefore, a system with high accuracy to identify the deformation is proposed in this study for large components in thermal vacuum using close-range photogrammetry. A novel thermal vacuum deformation measurement platform is firstly presented to provide a space simulation chamber in where not only temperature of specimen are available from − 170 to + 140 °C, but also coordinates of measurement points of component can be efficiently measured by using close-photogrammetry. In addition, an improved deformation computation method based on coordinate optimization registration is proposed. In this method, through combining random sample consensus with singular value decomposition, partial global points whose variations are relatively small can be selected for coordinate registration. Finally, the deformation measurement for the main reflector of a Cassegrain antenna in thermal vacuum is selected as an example to validate the effectiveness of the proposed platform and method. The experimental results show that the platform and method are practical and will provide a foundation for further applications.

由于空间温度变化而引起的航天器结构变形对航天器的性能和稳定性具有重要影响。因此，本研究针对近真空摄影测量中的热真空中的大型组件提出了一种用于识别变形的高精度系统。首先提出了一种新型的热真空变形测量平台，以提供一个空间模拟室，在该空间中，不仅可以在-170至+ 140°C的温度范围内获得样品温度，而且可以通过使用近距离热分析仪来有效地测量组件的测量点坐标。摄影测量。此外，提出了一种改进的基于坐标优化配准的变形计算方法。在这种方法中，通过将随机样本共识与奇异值分解相结合，可以选择变化较小的局部全局点进行坐标配准。最后，以卡塞格伦天线在热真空条件下主反射器的变形测量​​为例，验证了所提平台和方法的有效性。实验结果表明，该平台和方法是实用的，将为进一步的应用奠定基础。