Functional food with high concentrations of monosaccharides and antioxidants is important for quick replenishment of energy reserves and rehabilitation after intensive oxidant stress. The effect of high temperature and humidity for manufacturing such products from parsnip roots of three cultivars (Zemchug, Krugly, Bely aist) compared to garlic bulbs from cultivar Demidovsky was investigated. The processed parsnip demonstrated higher antioxidant activity than ‘black garlic’: phenolics (22.6 compared to 13.3 mg-GAE/g d.w.), total antioxidant activity (26.1 compared to 18.1 mg-GAE/g d.w.) and radical scavenging activity (0.24 compared to 0.18 mcM TE/g d.w.). Monosaccharides concentration in parsnip roots increased from 6.5–8.0 to 36.2–42.5 g/100 g d.w., the latter range including the value relevant to the processed garlic (37.4 g/100 g d.w.). Parsnip roots showed concurrent monosaccharides increase and disaccharides decrease (from 33.75–37.2 to 1.25–6.72 g/100 g), whereas garlic displayed the enhancement of both mono- and disaccharide biosynthesis. Total acidity level in processed parsnip also increased by 3 to 5 times and was highly correlated with monosaccharides content ( r = 0.99 at P ≤ 0.01). Thanks to its higher mineral content, ‘black parsnip’ proved to be suitable for quick energy and antioxidant replenishment after strong physical and/or oxidant stress.

中文翻译：

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与大蒜鳞茎相比，高温和湿度对有机种植欧洲防风根生化特性的影响

具有高浓度单糖和抗氧化剂的功能性食品对于在强烈的氧化应激后快速补充能量储备和康复很重要。与来自栽培品种 Demidovsky 的大蒜鳞茎相比，研究了高温和湿度对从三个品种（Zemchug、Krugly、Bely aist）的欧洲防风根制造此类产品的影响。加工过的欧洲防风草表现出比“黑蒜”更高的抗氧化活性：酚类物质（22.6 与 13.3 mg-GAE/g dw 相比）、总抗氧化活性（26.1 与 18.1 mg-GAE/g dw 相比）和自由基清除活性（0.24 与 13.3 mg-GAE/g dw 相比） 0.18 mcM TE/g 干重）。欧洲防风根中的单糖浓度从 6.5–8.0 增加到 36.2–42.5 g/100 g dw，后者范围包括与加工大蒜相关的值（37.4 g/100 g dw）。欧洲防风草根同时显示出单糖增加和双糖减少（从 33.75-37.2 到 1.25-6.72 g/100 g），而大蒜显示出单糖和双糖生物合成的增强。加工过的欧洲防风草的总酸度也增加了 3 到 5 倍，并且与单糖含量高度相关（r = 0.99，P ≤ 0.01）。由于其较高的矿物质含量，“黑欧洲防风草”被证明适合在强烈的物理和/或氧化应激后快速补充能量和抗氧化剂。加工过的欧洲防风草的总酸度也增加了 3 到 5 倍，并且与单糖含量高度相关（r = 0.99，P ≤ 0.01）。由于其较高的矿物质含量，“黑欧洲防风草”被证明适合在强烈的物理和/或氧化应激后快速补充能量和抗氧化剂。加工过的欧洲防风草的总酸度也增加了 3 到 5 倍，并且与单糖含量高度相关（r = 0.99，P ≤ 0.01）。由于其较高的矿物质含量，“黑欧洲防风草”被证明适合在强烈的物理和/或氧化应激后快速补充能量和抗氧化剂。