The paper investigates how the energy input/output of a composite plate with piezoelectric patches, acting as a sensor, actuator, or energy harvester, can be regulated by changing the parameters of the piezoelectric patches, the external vibrating frequency and the boundary conditions imposed on the host plate-layer. It is shown that for any size of the piezoelectric patches there is always one location where the energy input/output reaches a maximum, whether the process is very low frequency or higher frequency. Furthermore, for a dynamic vibrational loading the energy input/output is highly sensitive whether the operating frequency is below or above the system’s resonance frequency. For the operating frequency close to but below the resonance frequency, the location for the maximum energy input/output is considerably different from the optimal location when the operating frequency is just above the systems resonance frequency. That is to say, a slight change in the operating frequency around the resonance frequency can make a considerable difference to the optimal locations for the piezoelectric patches for maximum energy input/output.

中文翻译：

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压电贴片复合板的传感，致动和能量收集特性

本文研究了如何通过改变压电贴片的参数，外部振动频率以及施加在其上的边界条件来调节具有压电贴片的复合板的能量输入/输出，该压电贴片用作传感器，致动器或能量收集器主机板层。结果表明，对于任何尺寸的压电贴片，总有一个位置的能量输入/输出达到最大值，而无论该过程是非常低的频率还是较高的频率。此外，对于动态振动负载，无论工作频率是低于还是高于系统的共振频率，能量输入/输出都非常敏感。对于接近但低于谐振频率的工作频率，当工作频率刚好高于系统谐振频率时，最大能量输入/输出的位置与最佳位置有很大不同。也就是说，在谐振频率附近的工作频率的微小变化可以对用于最大能量输入/输出的压电片的最佳位置产生很大的差异。