There is a wide range of household water treatment options available for a variety of contexts. Each water purifier has its own optimal range of operation. Simultaneously, the diverse environments and circumstances set different boundary conditions for such purifiers to operate successfully. In low-income countries, especially with unregulated and decentralised water supply mechanisms such as open wells, the use of point-of-use water purifiers is quite widespread. However, it is observed that the water purifier may not be appropriate to the prevailing context. Hence, this short review aims to introduce a wide range of water purification alternatives available for a family (of about 3–5 members) and the way they could be classified and reviewed. The perspective selected is that of a low-income rural household in coastal region of western India and the scenario of water quality which is primarily affected by physical and biological impurities and not necessarily severe chemical contamination. Based on this context, attributes are defined and prioritised; further, a scale to rate the purifiers is worked out. A selected number of point-of-use water purifiers for which data from the literature or field observations are available are reviewed against these attributes for the sample context chosen. This independent review methodology consists of setting the attributes and comparing the water purifiers based on the sum of prioritised scores and thus acts like a selection template and can be adopted to select the appropriate purifier for any other scenario accordingly.

中文翻译：

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考虑印度西部农村案例研究的合适的家庭使用点净水器选择模板

有多种适用于各种情况的家用水处理选项。每个净水器都有其自己的最佳操作范围。同时，各种环境和环境为此类净化器的成功运行设置了不同的边界条件。在低收入国家，特别是在裸井等不受监管和分散的供水机制的情况下，使用点式净水器的使用非常普遍。但是，观察到净水器可能不适合当前的情况。因此，本篇简短的综述旨在介绍一个家庭（约3-5个成员）可以使用的多种净水替代品，以及它们的分类和评论方式。选择的观点是印度西部沿海地区的低收入农村家庭的观点，以及水质的情景，该情景主要受到物理和生物杂质的影响，而不一定受到严重的化学污染。基于此上下文，定义属性并确定优先级。进一步地，制定了评估净化器的等级。根据所选样本环境的这些属性，对选定数量的使用点净水器进行了审查，这些净水器可以使用来自文献或现场观察的数据。这种独立的审查方法包括设置属性，并根据优先得分的总和对净水器进行比较，因此就像选择模板一样，可用于为任何其他情况选择合适的净水器。