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Mutations Upstream of the TBX5 and PITX1 Transcription Factor Genes Are Associated with Feathered Legs in the Domestic Chicken.
Molecular Biology and Evolution ( IF 11.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-28 , DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa093
Jingyi Li 1, 2 , MiOk Lee 1 , Brian W Davis 1 , Sangeet Lamichhaney 3 , Ben J Dorshorst 2 , Paul B Siegel 2 , Leif Andersson 1, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Feathered leg is a trait in domestic chickens that has undergone intense selection by fancy breeders. Previous studies have shown that two major loci controlling feathered leg are located on chromosomes 13 and 15. Here we present genetic evidence for the identification of candidate causal mutations at these loci. This was accomplished by combining classical linkage mapping using an experimental cross segregating for feathered leg and high-resolution identical-by-descent mapping using whole genome sequence data from 167 samples of chicken with or without feathered legs. The first predicted causal mutation is a single base change located 25 kb upstream of the gene for the forelimb-specific transcription factor TBX5 on chromosome 15. The second is a 17.7 kb deletion located about 200 kb upstream of the gene for the hindlimb-specific transcription factor PITX1 on chromosome 13. These mutations are predicted to activate TBX5 and repress PITX1 expression, respectively. The study reveals a remarkable convergence in the evolution of the feathered leg phenotype in domestic chickens and domestic pigeons as this phenotype is caused by non-coding mutations upstream of the same two genes. Furthermore, the PITX1 causal variants are large overlapping deletions, 17.7 kb in chicken and 44 kb in pigeons. The results of the present study are consistent with the previously proposed model for pigeon, that feathered leg is caused by reduced PITX1 expression and ectopic expression of TBX5 in hindlimb buds resulting in a shift of limb identity from hindlimb to more forelimb-like identity.

中文翻译:

TBX5和PITX1转录因子基因上游的突变与家禽的羽毛腿有关。

羽毛腿是家禽的一个特征,已经被花哨的种鸡进行了严格的选择。先前的研究表明,控制羽状腿的两个主要基因座位于13号和15号染色体上。此处,我们提供了遗传证据,用于鉴定这些基因座上的候选因果突变。这是通过结合使用实验性交叉分离的羽状腿的经典连锁作图和使用167个有或没有羽状腿的鸡的全基因组序列数据的高分辨率逐世后代作图来实现的。第一个预测的因果突变是位于15号染色体上前肢特异性转录因子TBX5基因上游25 kb的单个碱基变化。第二个是17位突变。7 kb缺失位于13号染色体上后肢特异性转录因子PITX1基因上游200 kb处。这些突变预计分别激活TBX5和抑制PITX1表达。这项研究揭示了家禽和家鸽羽毛腿表型进化的显着收敛性,因为该表型是由相同两个基因上游的非编码突变引起的。此外,PITX1因果变异是较大的重叠缺失,在鸡中为17.7 kb,在鸽子中为44 kb。本研究的结果与先前提出的鸽子模型一致,即羽毛后腿是由后肢芽中PITX1表达的减少和TBX5异位表达引起的,从而导致肢体身份从后肢变为更像前肢的身份。预计这些突变分别激活TBX5和抑制PITX1表达。这项研究揭示了家禽和家鸽羽毛腿表型进化的显着收敛性,因为该表型是由相同两个基因上游的非编码突变引起的。此外,PITX1因果变异是较大的重叠缺失,在鸡中为17.7 kb,在鸽子中为44 kb。本研究的结果与先前提出的鸽子模型一致,即羽毛后腿是由后肢芽中PITX1表达的减少和TBX5异位表达引起的,从而导致肢体身份从后肢变为更像前肢的身份。预计这些突变分别激活TBX5和抑制PITX1表达。这项研究揭示了家禽和家鸽羽毛腿表型进化的显着收敛性,因为该表型是由相同两个基因上游的非编码突变引起的。此外,PITX1因果变异是较大的重叠缺失,在鸡中为17.7 kb,在鸽子中为44 kb。本研究的结果与先前提出的鸽子模型一致,即羽毛后腿是由后肢芽中PITX1表达的减少和TBX5异位表达引起的,从而导致肢体身份从后肢变为更像前肢的身份。这项研究揭示了家禽和家鸽羽毛腿表型进化的显着收敛性,因为该表型是由相同两个基因上游的非编码突变引起的。此外,PITX1因果变异是较大的重叠缺失,在鸡中为17.7 kb,在鸽子中为44 kb。本研究的结果与先前提出的鸽子模型一致,即羽毛后腿是由后肢芽中PITX1表达的减少和TBX5异位表达引起的,从而导致肢体身份从后肢变为更像前肢的身份。这项研究揭示了家禽和家鸽羽毛腿表型进化的显着收敛性,因为该表型是由相同两个基因上游的非编码突变引起的。此外,PITX1因果变异是较大的重叠缺失,在鸡中为17.7 kb,在鸽子中为44 kb。本研究的结果与先前提出的鸽子模型一致,即羽毛后腿是由后肢芽中PITX1表达和TBX5异位表达降低引起的,从而导致肢体身份从后肢转变为更像前肢的身份。鸡7 kb,鸽子44 kb。本研究的结果与先前提出的鸽子模型一致,即羽毛后腿是由后肢芽中PITX1表达和TBX5异位表达降低引起的,从而导致肢体身份从后肢转变为更像前肢的身份。鸡7 kb,鸽子44 kb。本研究的结果与先前提出的鸽子模型一致,即羽毛后腿是由后肢芽中PITX1表达的减少和TBX5异位表达引起的,从而导致肢体身份从后肢变为更像前肢的身份。
更新日期:2020-04-28
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