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The impact of calmodulin on the cell cycle analyzed in a novel human cellular genetic system.
Cell Calcium ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102207
Mads Munk 1 , Juan Alcalde 2 , Lasse Lorentzen 3 , Antonio Villalobo 4 , Martin W Berchtold 1 , Svetlana Panina 5
Affiliation  

Calmodulin (CaM) is the principle mediator of the Ca2+ signal in all eukaryotic cells. A huge variety of basic cellular processes including cell cycle control, proliferation, secretion and motility, among many others are governed by CaM, which regulates activities of myriads of target proteins. Mammalian CaM is encoded by three genes localized on different chromosomes all producing an identical protein. In this study, we have generated HeLa human cancer cells conditionally expressing CaM in a genetic background with all three genes inactivated by CRISPR/Cas9. We demonstrate that downregulation of ectopically expressed CaM is achieved after 120 h, when cells are arrested in the M phase of the cell cycle. We show for the first time that CaM downregulation in human cancer cells is followed by a multinucleated senescent state as indicated by expression of β-galactosidase as well as cell morphology typical for senescent cells. Our newly generated genetic system may be useful for the analysis of other CaM regulated processes in eukaryotic cells in the absence of endogenous CaM genes.

中文翻译:

在新型人类细胞遗传系统中分析钙调蛋白对细胞周期的影响。

钙调蛋白 (CaM) 是所有真核细胞中 Ca2+ 信号的主要介质。种类繁多的基本细胞过程,包括细胞周期控制、增殖、分泌和运动等,都由 CaM 控制,CaM 调节无数靶蛋白的活动。哺乳动物 CaM 由位于不同染色体上的三个基因编码,所有基因都产生相同的蛋白质。在这项研究中,我们在遗传背景中产生了条件表达 CaM 的 HeLa 人类癌细胞,所有三个基因都被 CRISPR/Cas9 灭活。我们证明,当细胞停滞在细胞周期的 M 期时,异位表达的 CaM 的下调是在 120 小时后实现的。我们首次表明,人类癌细胞中的 CaM 下调之后是多核衰老状态,如 β-半乳糖苷酶的表达以及衰老细胞典型的细胞形态所示。我们新生成的遗传系统可能有助于在没有内源性 CaM 基因的情况下分析真核细胞中的其他 CaM 调节过程。
更新日期:2020-04-30
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