Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) originates from the collective oscillation of conduction electrons when conductive nanoparticles are exposed to an electromagnetic field. It generates remarkably enhanced electric fields surrounding the nanoparticles and leads to strong extinction at the resonant wavelength. When plasmonic particles are in considerably close proximity, plasmon coupling occurs because of the interacting resonance of the excited plasmon. It enables the hybridization of the initial plasmon bands in the form of peak shift or reshaping of local bands. Colloidal self-assembly approaches offer many opportunities for manipulating particle arrangement, making it possible to actively tune the plasmon coupling in response to external stimuli, which may promise important applications in many fields such as colorimetric sensing and enhanced spectroscopic detection.

当导电纳米粒子暴露于电磁场时，局部表面等离子体共振（LSPR）源自导电电子的集体振荡。它在纳米粒子周围产生显着增强的电场，并导致在共振波长处强烈消光。当等离激元粒子非常接近时，由于激发的等离激元相互作用而发生等离激元耦合。它能够以峰移或局部谱带重塑的形式杂交初始等离激元谱带。胶体自组装方法为操纵粒子排列提供了许多机会，从而可以响应外部刺激主动调整等离激元耦合，