Metabolic engineering has emerged as an important tool for reconstructing heterologous isoprenoid metabolic pathways in microbial hosts. Here, we provide an overview of promising engineering strategies that have proven to be successful for the high-yield production of isoprenoids. Besides ‘conventional’ approaches, such as the ‘push–pull’ and protein engineering to optimize the isoprenoid flux and limited catalytic activity of enzymes, we review emerging strategies in the field, including compartmentalization between synthetic consortia members, novel bypass pathways for isoprenoid synthesis, cell-free systems, and improvement of the lipid content to overcome storage isoprenoid limitations. Pitfalls, along with lessons learned from the application of these strategies, will be addressed with the hope of guiding future efforts toward cost-effective and sustainable production of isoprenoids.

代谢工程已经成为在微生物宿主中重建异源类异戊二烯代谢途径的重要工具。在这里，我们提供了有前途的工程策略的概述，这些策略已被证明对于高产量生产类异戊二烯是成功的。除了“常规”方法（例如“推挽”和蛋白质工程）以优化类异戊二烯通量和酶的有限催化活性外，我们还回顾了该领域的新兴策略，包括合成财团成员之间的分隔，类异戊二烯合成的新型旁路途径，无细胞系统以及脂质含量的改善，以克服类异戊二烯的储存限制。陷阱以及从应用这些策略中学到的经验教训，