This study proposes an approach to determine the density of a liquid based on the gamma scattering method. The liquids used to determine density were poured in a cylindrical tube. This approach requires that the ratio R (the ratio of area under a single scattering peak for a liquid to that for water) increase linearly with an increase in the density of the liquid. In a certain range of density, a linear relationship was obtained between the ratio R and density, as described by a linear calibration curve with coefficients of slope and intercept, for the investigated tube diameters. In particular, the values of the slope and intercept could be expressed as mathematical functions of the diameter of the tube. For a given tube, the coefficients of slope and intercept of the linear calibration curve were obtained based on these functions, which helped determine the density of the liquid. The reliability of the proposed approach was evaluated by using it to calculate the densities of five liquids—n-hexane, diethyl ether, acetonitrile, toluene, and glycerol—using tubes with inner diameters of 1.8 cm, 2.25 cm, and 2.68 cm. The results show that the maximum relative deviation between the reference and the measured densities was 4.3%.

这项研究提出了一种基于伽马散射法确定液体密度的方法。将用于确定密度的液体倒入圆柱管中。该方法要求比率R（液体的单个散射峰与水的散射峰下的面积之比）随着液体密度的增加而线性增加。在一定的密度范围内，对于所研究的管径，如比率线性和斜率和截距系数所描述的那样，在比率R和密度之间获得了线性关系。特别地，斜率和截距的值可以表示为管直径的数学函数。对于给定的管，基于这些函数获得了线性校准曲线的斜率和截距系数，这有助于确定液体的密度。通过使用内径分别为1.8厘米，2.25厘米和2.68厘米的试管，通过计算五种液体（正己烷，乙醚，乙腈，甲苯和甘油）的密度，评估了该方法的可靠性。结果表明，参考值与测量密度之间的最大相对偏差为4.3％。