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Efficiency of glyphosate and carfentrazone-ethyl in the control of Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC.) Urb. under different light intensities
South African Journal of Botany ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.02.028
Gustavo Amaral Costa , Leonardo David Tuffi-Santos , Samuel Alves dos Santos , Leandro Roberto da Cruz , Bruno Francisco Sant'Anna-Santos , Izabela Thais dos Santos , Francisco André Ossamu Tanaka

Abstract Variation in environmental conditions, such as light availability, can affect herbicide efficacy by altering leaf morphoanatomy. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of light level and herbicide application on leaf anatomy and herbicide efficacy, using Macroptilium atropurpureum as a model weed species. The experiment involved a factorial design (3 × 4), using three light levels (0, 50, or 70% shadow) and four herbicide treatments (no herbicide, glyphosate, carfentrazone-ethyl, or a combination of glyphosate and carfentrazone-ethyl). When combined, the herbicides were efficient in controlling M. atropurpureum under all light levels. However, when applied independently, the herbicides failed to satisfactorily control plants cultivated in full sunlight, and plants cultivated in shaded environments were more sensitive to glyphosate application than those cultivated in full sunlight. The greater efficacy of the herbicides on plants grown under shaded conditions can likely be attributed to changes in leaf morphoanatomy. Plants grown under restricted light conditions exhibit greater average leaf area, lower trichome density, reduced epicuticular wax deposition, thinner leaves, and lower dry mass accumulation, characteristics which are closely correlated to chemical control. The combination of the herbicides presents an additional effect in the control of M. atropurpureum. Also, changes in leaf anatomy caused by light restriction reduce the tolerance of M. atropurpureum to the herbicides.

中文翻译:

草甘膦和氟虫草酯控制 Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC.) Urb 的效率。在不同的光照强度下

摘要 环境条件的变化,如光照,可以通过改变叶片形态解剖学来影响除草剂的功效。因此,本研究的目的是评估光照水平和除草剂施用对叶片解剖结构和除草剂功效的影响,使用 Macroptilium atropurpureum 作为模型杂草物种。实验涉及析因设计 (3 × 4),使用三种光照水平(0、50 或 70% 阴影)和四种除草剂处理(无除草剂、草甘膦、氟虫草酯或草甘膦和氟虫草酯的组合) . 当组合使用时,这些除草剂在所有光照水平下都能有效控制 M. atropurpureum。然而,当单独施用时,这些除草剂不能令人满意地控制在充足阳光下栽培的植物,在阴凉环境中种植的植物比在充足阳光下种植的植物对草甘膦施用更敏感。除草剂对在遮荫条件下生长的植物更有效可能归因于叶片形态解剖学的变化。在限制光照条件下生长的植物表现出更大的平均叶面积、更低的毛状体密度、减少的表皮蜡沉积、更薄的叶子和更低的干物质积累,这些特征与化学控制密切相关。除草剂的组合在防治 M. atropurpureum 方面表现出额外的效果。此外,由光照限制引起的叶片解剖结构的变化降低了 M. atropurpureum 对除草剂的耐受性。除草剂对在遮荫条件下生长的植物更有效可能归因于叶片形态解剖学的变化。在限制光照条件下生长的植物表现出更大的平均叶面积、更低的毛状体密度、减少的表皮蜡沉积、更薄的叶子和更低的干物质积累,这些特征与化学控制密切相关。除草剂的组合在防治 M. atropurpureum 方面表现出额外的效果。此外,由光照限制引起的叶片解剖结构的变化降低了 M. atropurpureum 对除草剂的耐受性。除草剂对在遮荫条件下生长的植物更有效可能归因于叶片形态解剖学的变化。在限制光照条件下生长的植物表现出更大的平均叶面积、更低的毛状体密度、减少的表皮蜡沉积、更薄的叶子和更低的干物质积累,这些特征与化学控制密切相关。除草剂的组合在防治 M. atropurpureum 方面表现出额外的效果。此外,由光照限制引起的叶片解剖结构的变化降低了 M. atropurpureum 对除草剂的耐受性。叶片较薄,干物质积累较少,这些特征与化学防治密切相关。除草剂的组合在防治 M. atropurpureum 方面表现出额外的效果。此外,由光照限制引起的叶片解剖结构的变化会降低 M. atropurpureum 对除草剂的耐受性。叶片较薄,干物质积累较少,这些特征与化学防治密切相关。除草剂的组合在防治 M. atropurpureum 方面表现出额外的效果。此外,由光照限制引起的叶片解剖结构的变化降低了 M. atropurpureum 对除草剂的耐受性。
更新日期:2020-07-01
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