Pressure control drilling technology (MPD) an effective solution to the problems of low efficiency and high drilling risk of conventional drilling technology. Based on the current working environment of the oil well site, this paper introduces a data acquisition system based on the well field wireless transmission network, studies and analyzes the factors affecting the bottom hole pressure and the characteristics of the various components of the throttle manifold. Based on the mathematical model of the control system and the remote wireless transmission of data, this paper proposes an improved fuzzy immune PID control model. The model uses fuzzy rules to adjust the parameters of the PID controller in adaptively, which keeps the controlled object in a good dynamic and static stable state, reduces the overshoot of the traditional PID and makes the controlled variable approach the control target quickly. The control system simulation results show that the fuzzy immune PID control algorithm has a fast dynamic response, no overshoot, no static error, and strong self-adaptability when the algebraic model parameters of throttle valve change.

压力控制钻井技术（MPD）是解决常规钻井技术效率低，钻井风险高的有效解决方案。基于目前油井现场的工作环境，本文介绍了一种基于井场无线传输网络的数据采集系统，研究和分析了影响井底压力的因素以及节流歧管各组成部分的特性。基于控制系统的数学模型和数据的远程无线传输，提出了一种改进的模糊免疫PID控制模型。该模型使用模糊规则自适应地调整PID控制器的参数，从而使受控对象保持良好的动态和静态稳定状态，减少了传统PID的过冲，并使控制变量迅速接近控制目标。控制系统仿真结果表明，当节气门代数模型参数发生变化时，模糊免疫PID控制算法具有动态响应快，无超调，无静态误差，自适应性强的特点。