Abstract The protection of the EU-DEMO first wall (FW) during plasma transients represents one of the main challenges of the current pre-concept design phase. While the present DEMO FW design heat load capability is of the order of ≈1−2 MW/m2 in steady state, this limit is overcome during plasma transients for both normal and off-normal events leading to a plasma-wall contact. A strategy to protect the FW is being developed, considering the inclusion of discrete limiters, designed also to maintain the integrity of their cooling system during transients. The present investigations include electromagnetic modelling and plasma simulations on a list of critical transient events. The plasma equilibria are designed to ensure that the plasma impact, in case of loss of plasma control, is located, when possible, close to maintenance ports, to allow for replacement of the limiters. Charged particles and radiation heat load calculations are performed to evaluate the surface design and the required number of limiters. Finally, simplified thermal analyses are run to verify the integrity of the limiter plasma-facing components, and propose their design.

中文翻译：

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等离子热瞬变对 EU DEMO 第一壁保护设计的影响

摘要 在等离子体瞬变期间保护 EU-DEMO 第一壁 (FW) 是当前概念设计阶段的主要挑战之一。虽然目前的 DEMO FW 设计热负载能力在稳态下约为 ≈1-2 MW/m2，但在导致等离子体壁接触的正常和非正常事件的等离子体瞬变期间，该限制被克服。正在开发保护 FW 的策略，考虑到包含离散限制器，旨在在瞬态期间保持其冷却系统的完整性。目前的研究包括对一系列关键瞬态事件进行电磁建模和等离子体模拟。等离子体平衡旨在确保在失去等离子体控制的情况下，等离子体冲击位于尽可能靠近维护端口的位置，以允许更换限制器。执行带电粒子和辐射热负荷计算以评估表面设计和所需的限制器数量。最后，运行简化的热分析以验证面向限制器的等离子体组件的完整性，并提出它们的设计。